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membrane proteins and lipids Mitochondria 50100 Mitochondria Retrograde 200300 Lysosomal vesicles and enzymes Slow transport SCb 28 Microfilaments, metabolic enzymes, clathrin plex SCa Neurofilaments and microtubules Major Rate Components of Axonal Transport 1. Neurons have specialized projections called dendrites and axons. Dendrites take information to the cell body and axons take information away from the cell body 2. Neurons municate with each other through an electrochemical process 3. Neurons contain some specialized structures (like synapses) and chemicals (like neurotransmitters) 4. Nissl Bodies 5. DO NOT Replicate: Damaged cells cannot be replaced! Neurons differ from Other Cells 。 vasopressin。 glucagon。 gastrin。 dynorphin。 cholecystokinin。 betaendorphin。 Glutamate。 Histamine 2. Amino Acids Gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA)。 Norepinephrine (NE)。 usually 15 ms or longer Unidirectional Distinguishing Properties of Electrical and Chemical Synapses At a chemical synapse, neurons transmit information across a cleft. 1. Small Molecule Neurotransmitter Substances Acetylcholine (ACh)。 deliver efferent impulses out through the PNS to the effectors to carry out the actions directed by