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an, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, a trade channel established more than 2,000 years ago linking China, Central Asia and Europe. 。s cooperation with Central Asian countries, a senior official said. Shaanxi Governor Lou Qinjian said the province is fresh, rich and unique, as it was when it anchored one end of the ancient Silk Road. It is the best option for acmodating industrial transfers from East China or the w orld at large, he said on Wednesday in Xi39。s business development. Rudy Buttignol, president of the public broadcasting pany in British Columbia, Canada, said his work requires frequent travel to Chengdu and the policy makes the trips easier. Data from the city39。s largest breeding and research center. Three days are long enough for foreign visitors to visit those iconic tourist spots, he noted. The city is home to the remains of the Jin sha civilization that dates back more than 3,000 years as well as the Qing cheng Mountains and the Du jiang yan irrigation system. Qing cheng has long been recognized as the birthplace of Taoism, China39。s 72hour visafree policy has attracted wide attention from both Chinese and foreign experts and businessmen since it took effect on Sept 1 last year. The program permits citizens from 51 countries and regions including the United States, Australia, Canada and Japan who have valid visas and flight tickets to a third country to spend three days in the city. The capital of Sichuan province is the first city in the western region of China to offer foreign tourists a threeday visa and the fourth nationwide to adopt the policy following Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou. Li Zhiyong, deputy dean of the tourism institute at Sichuan University, said the move contributes to a large increase in the number of overseas tourists and raises the city39。 176。 D T1 CM3 CM2 CM1 CM0 176。 D 176。 P2處微程序出現(xiàn) 2個(gè)分支,對(duì)應(yīng) 2個(gè)微地址 微地址轉(zhuǎn)移邏輯表達(dá)式如下: μA 2=P2C jT4 μA 1=P1IR1T4 μA 0=P1IR0T4 其中 IR1, IR0是指令類寄存器中存放操作碼的觸發(fā)器, T4表示某個(gè)節(jié)拍脈沖時(shí)修改微地址寄存器。 ⑤ 畫出微程序控制器結(jié)構(gòu)圖。 ① 設(shè)微指令的微命令字段為 12位,判別字段和下址字段是多少位? ② 控制存儲(chǔ)器 E2PROM存儲(chǔ)容量至少是多少? ③ 給每條微指令分配一個(gè)確定的微地址(二進(jìn)制編碼表示)。 1024=16 故表示磁盤地址格式的所有參數(shù)為:臺(tái)數(shù) 16,記錄面 20,磁道數(shù) 203 道,扇區(qū)數(shù) 16,由此可得磁盤 地址格式為: 20 17 16 9 8 4 3 0 臺(tái)號(hào) 柱面號(hào) 盤面號(hào) 扇區(qū)號(hào) 磁盤總存儲(chǔ)容量為: 16 20 203 16384=1064304640(字節(jié)) 45 圖 1所示為傳送( MOV, OP碼 IR0IR100)、加法( ADD,OP碼 IR0IR101)、取反( COM, OP 碼 IR0IR110)、十進(jìn)制加法( ADT, OP碼 IR0IR111)四條指令的微程序流程圖,每一框表示一個(gè) CPU周期。 r,可求得: N=C/r=983040247。假定每個(gè)記錄塊記錄 1024B,且系統(tǒng)可掛多達(dá) 16臺(tái)這樣的磁盤,請(qǐng)給出適當(dāng)?shù)拇疟P地址格式,并計(jì)算盤組總的存儲(chǔ)容量。 50 一盤組共 11片,記錄面為 20面,每面上外道直徑為 14英寸,內(nèi)道直徑為 10英寸,分 203道。假設(shè)總帶寬 50%用于刷新屏幕,保留 50%帶寬用于其他非刷新功能。所以: X+Y=2( 10) 2( SX+SY) =2( 10) 2( ) 2=( ) 2 49 刷新存儲(chǔ)器(簡(jiǎn)稱刷存)的重要性能指標(biāo)是它的帶寬。 ( 1) 對(duì)階: △ J=Ex- EY=( 10) 2-( +10) 2=( 100) 2 所以 ExEY,則 Sx右移 4位, Ex+(100)2=(10)2=EY。設(shè): j1=(10)2,S1=(+)2 j2=(+10)2,S2=(+)2 求: N1 N2,寫出運(yùn)算步驟及結(jié)果,積的尾數(shù)占 4位,按原碼陣列乘法器計(jì)算步驟求尾數(shù)之積。流程圖見左 31 某加法器進(jìn)位鏈小組信號(hào)為 C4C3C2C1,低位來(lái)的進(jìn)位信號(hào)為 C0,請(qǐng)分別按下述兩種方式寫出 C4C3C2C1的邏輯表達(dá)式: ① 串行進(jìn)位方式 ② 并行進(jìn)位方式 解 : ( 1)串行進(jìn)位方式: C1 = G1 + P1 C0 其中: G1 = A1 B1 , P1 = A1⊕ B1 C2 = G2 + P2 C1 G2 = A2 B2 , P2 = A2⊕ B2 C3 = G3 + P3 C2 G3 = A3 B3 , P3 = A3⊕ B3 C4 = G4 + P4 C3 G4 = A4 B4 , P4 = A4⊕ B4 (2) 并行進(jìn)位方式: C1 = G1 + P1 C0 C2 = G2 + P2 G1 + P2 P1 C0 C3 = G3 + P3 G2 + P3 P2 G1 + P3 P2 P1 C0 C4 = G4 + P4 G3 + P4 P3 G2 + P4P3 P2 G1 + P4 P3 P2 P1 C0 其中 G1— G4 , P1— P4 表達(dá)式與串行進(jìn)位方式相同。每一方框表示一個(gè) CPU周期。此時(shí) SUB 指令的指令周期是幾個(gè) CPU 周期 ?與第①種情況相比,減法指令速度提高幾倍? 解: ADD指令是加法指令,參與運(yùn)算的二數(shù)放在 R0和 R2中,相加結(jié)果放在 R0 中。 ① “ SUB R3, R0”指令完成0 3 0( ) ( )R R R??的功能操作,畫出其指令周期流程圖,并列出相應(yīng)的微操作控制信號(hào)序列,假設(shè)該指 令的地址已放入 PC中。另外,線上標(biāo)注有小圈表示有控制信號(hào),例中 yi表示 y寄存器的輸入控制信號(hào), R1o為寄存器 R1的輸出控制信號(hào),未標(biāo)字符的線為直通線,不受控制。若 cache的命中率為 90%,主存的命中率為60%,求該系統(tǒng)中訪問(wèn)一個(gè)字的平均時(shí)間。(一個(gè) CPU周期含 T1~ T4四個(gè)時(shí)鐘信號(hào),寄存器打入信號(hào)必須注明時(shí)鐘序號(hào)) 27 某計(jì)算機(jī)的存儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)由 cache、主存和磁盤構(gòu)成。 機(jī)器指令“ STO R1,(R2)”實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能是:將寄存器 R1中的數(shù)據(jù)寫入到以( R2)為地址的數(shù)存單元中。 Dcache為數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器, Icache為指令存儲(chǔ)器,PC為程序計(jì)數(shù)器(具有加 1功能), IR為指令寄存器。 P163 22 CPU的數(shù)據(jù)通路如圖 1所示。 先段定機(jī)器指令采用以下三種方式執(zhí)行:①非流水線(順序)方式,②標(biāo)量流水線方式,③超標(biāo)量流水線方式。請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)指令格式,并做必要說(shuō)明。 P94例 6 20 某機(jī)器單字長(zhǎng)指令為 32位,共有 40條指令,通用寄存器有 128個(gè),主存最大尋址空間為 64M。 解: 1)相容微操作信號(hào) LRSN 相斥微操作信號(hào) a,b,c,d 2)當(dāng) 24個(gè)控制信號(hào)全部用微指令產(chǎn)生時(shí),可采用字段譯碼法進(jìn)行編碼控制,采用的微指令格式如下(其中目地操作數(shù)字段與打入信號(hào)段可結(jié)合并公用,后者加上節(jié)拍脈沖控制即可)。 14 某機(jī)的指令格式如下所示 X為尋址特征位: X=00:直接尋址; X=01:用變 址寄存器 RX1尋址; X=10:用變址寄存器 RX2尋址; X=11:相對(duì)尋址 設(shè) (PC)=1234H,(RX1)=0037H,(RX2)=1122H( H代表十六進(jìn)制數(shù)),請(qǐng)確定下列指令中的有效地址: ① 4420H ② 2244H ③ 1322H ④ 3521H 解 : 1) X=00 , D=20H ,有效地址 E=20H 2) X=10 , D=44H ,有效地址 E=1122H+44H=1166H 3) X=11 , D=22H ,有效地址 E=1234H+22H=1256H 4) X=01 , D=21H