freepeople性欧美熟妇, 色戒完整版无删减158分钟hd, 无码精品国产vα在线观看DVD, 丰满少妇伦精品无码专区在线观看,艾栗栗与纹身男宾馆3p50分钟,国产AV片在线观看,黑人与美女高潮,18岁女RAPPERDISSSUBS,国产手机在机看影片

正文內(nèi)容

ni元素對sn-cu無鉛焊料性能的影響_畢業(yè)設(shè)計論文(參考版)

2024-08-30 16:43本頁面
  

【正文】 C and 5。C/cm. They found that Sn moved to the hot end while Pb moved to the cold end. Ye et al. reported that thermomigration may assist electromigration if the higher temperature side coincides with the cathode side, and counterelectromigration if the hot side is the anode side. In this paper, thermomigration effects on leadfree solder joints are studied experimentally. High thermal gradients, as high as 1000176。C/cm thermal gradient (TG) for 286 h, 712 h, and 1156 h. It was observed that samples subjected to thermal gradient did not develop a Cu3Sn intermetallic pound (IMC) layer, and we observed disintegration of Cu6Sn5 IMC. On the other hand, samples subjected to isothermal annealing exhibited IMC growth. In samples subjected to thermomigration, near the cold side the Cu concentration is significantly higher pared with hot side. Extensive surface hardness testing showed an increase in hardness from the hot to cold sides, which possibly indicates that Sn grain coarsening is in the same direction. Keywords: thermomigration, leadfree, hardness, elastic modulus, grain coarsening 山東科技大學學士學位論文 附錄 31 1 Introduction The insatiable demand for miniaturization of electronics and power electronics increases electrical current density and thermal gradient [TG] in electronic packaging solder joints by orders of magnitude. The high current density and high temperature gradient induce mass migration that degrades the solder joints .The two primary mass migration processes that manifest in solder joints subjected to high current density are electromigration and thermomigration .When a metal conductor is subject to a high current density, the socalled electron wind transfers part of the momentum to the atoms or ions of metal [or alloy] to make the atoms or ions move in the direction of the electrons. Electromigration causes atomic accumulation and hillock formation in the anode side, and vacancy condensation and void formation in the cathode side. Both hillocks and voids will cause the degradation of the solder joint and eventual failure. Thermomigration is mass migration that takes place due to high thermal gradients. Thermal gradient can be a result of Joule heating due to a high current density in structures with asymmetric thermal boundaries. This phenomenon is very similar to the Soret effect in fluids. Soret discovered that concentration of a salt solution in a tube with both ends at different temperatures does not remain uniform. The salt was less concentrated on the hot end pared with the cold end. He concluded that a flux of salt was generated by a temperature gradient, which results in a concentration gradient in steady state conditions . Ye et al showed that the same process also takes place in solder alloy. Research suggests that the effect of thermomigration on solder joint is as serious as that of electromigration . Thermomigration in Pb In solder was reported by Roush and Jaspal [11] at a temperature gradient of 1200176。 最后,我還要感謝三年來和我一起朝夕相伴的同窗們, 我們在一起的時光,將會成為我終生的美好回憶,祝愿我們友誼長存 。此外, 在課題實施過程中,材料學院實驗室王建新、赫慶坤、等老師都給予了很大的支 持和幫助。李老師對該研究課題的學術(shù)見解頗深 ,許多關(guān)于無鉛焊料知識我都請教與他,老師亦是知無不答言無不盡,還時常帶有自己獨特的見解,并叮囑我們要對改良無鉛焊料行能的相關(guān)問題多加創(chuàng)新、思考。材料導報, 2020,18( 6): 7275. [7] 于登云,張亞輝,鐘喜春,曾德長.錫銅共晶合金焊料的機械性能 [J].材料研究與應(yīng)用 , 2020, 2: 127131. [8] 顧小顏,曲文卿,趙海云,莊鴻壽.無鉛電子封裝 SnCu 焊料潤濕性實驗研究 [J].技術(shù)專欄, 2020, 31(5):345349. [9] 蔡積慶.無添加鎳的 SnCu 系無鉛焊料( 1) [J].表面安裝技術(shù), 2020,8(3): 6870. [10] 蔡積慶.無添加鎳的 SnCu 系無鉛焊料( 2) [J].表面安裝技術(shù), 2020,9(4): 6870. [11] 王檢辛,薛松柏,韓宗杰,汪寧,禹勝林.溫度與鍍層對 SnCuNi 無鉛釬料潤濕性能的影響 [J].焊接學報, 2020, 10(5): 4146. [12] 夏志東 ,雷永平 ,史耀武 .綠色高性能無鉛釬料的研究與發(fā)展 [J].電子工藝技術(shù) ,2020,23(5):185191. 山東科技大學學士學位論文 參考文獻 28 [13]Electronic Packaging Laboratory,University at Buffalo,SUNY,Buffalo, NY 14260. Influence of Thermomigration on LeadFree Solder Joint Mechanical Properties[J ]. Journal of Electronic Packaging,2020,131:172186. [14] Katsuaki Suganuma. Advances in leadfree electronics soldering[J]. Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science,2020,5:5564. 山東科技大學學士學位論文 致謝 29 致 謝 論文的 成功完成,首先得益于我的導師李桂杰的悉心指導和督促。 山東科技大學學士學位論文 參考文獻 27 參考文獻 [1] [日 ] 營沼克昭 . 無鉛焊接技術(shù) [ M]. 寧曉山 , 譯 . 北京 : 科學出版社 , 2020, 24: 135144. [2] 沈俊,劉永長,張培珍 ,高后秀.無鉛焊料研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展展望 [J].功能材料, 2020, 35(4): 403406. [3] 郭富康,康慧,曲平.無鉛焊料開發(fā)研究現(xiàn)狀 [J].電子元件與材料, 2020,25(2): 2532. [4] 史耀武 , 夏志東 , 陳志剛 . 電子組裝釬料研究的新進展 [J]. 電子工藝技術(shù) , 2020, 22(4): 139143. [5] 使益平,薛松柏,王儉辛,顧榮海. SnCu 系無鉛焊料的研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展 [J].焊接 , 2020, 4(1): 1418. [6] 張曙光,何禮軍,張少明,等。組織中的( ) 6Sn5相隨著 Ni 元素 含量的增多,逐漸增大且均勻化。通過試樣配比熔煉、金相試樣的制備、金相實驗、顯微硬度測試、 DSC測試、 XRD 和電子探針實驗,得到以下結(jié)論: ( 1)、 合金中添加 Ni 元素 后 , 產(chǎn)生的( ) 6Sn5 可以成功 地 抑制 SnCu 系無鉛焊料中 Cu6Sn5金屬間化合物中的龜裂, 使得組織更加均勻 。 山東科技大學學士學位論文 結(jié)論 26 4 結(jié)論 本實驗是以 為基體合金,添加 Ni 元素,對不同含量 Ni元素的合金制備合金焊料,并對其進行相關(guān)的性能研究。 ( 6)、在合金中加入 Bi 元素,由于 Ni 元素的溶解度有限,所以 Ni 含量原本就相對較低,另外此次使用的材料為 Ni 粉,又少量粘在試樣袋和坩山東科技大學學士學位論文 實驗結(jié)果分析與討論 25 堝上。因為材料特殊,應(yīng)該合理把握腐蝕的時間和合適的腐蝕液,本次使用的腐 蝕液為 4%硝酸酒精。拋光時,不宜用拋光機拋光。 ( 3)、制備金相試樣時,由于試樣材料較軟,較難制備。 實驗問題與討論 ( 1)、合金熔煉時為保證合金成分混 合均勻,應(yīng)該一邊熔煉熔一邊攪拌,由于實驗條件所限,所以熔煉時每隔一段時間攪拌一下以使合金熔煉均勻。 所以隨著 Ni 元素 的 添加 ,使得焊料合金 熔點略微升高,但 仍然在合適的范圍之內(nèi) , 不會有較大的影響。 圖中所示 兩條黑線分別為低溫側(cè)基線的延長線和熔化吸熱峰低溫側(cè)基線的延長線,兩線的交點為熔化 開始溫度,吸熱峰對應(yīng)溫度為熔化結(jié)束溫度。 因此必須要控制 Ni 的加入量在合適的范圍內(nèi),因為如果 Ni 的 過量 加入會使得 焊料變硬、變脆,加工性能大幅度下降,焊點可靠性能變壞 , 所以一般情況下, Ni 的含量不會超過 %[12]。 Ni 的添加 產(chǎn)生了( ) 6Sn5 組織,根據(jù)資料表明 ( ) 6Sn5 組織能夠抑制 Cu6Sn5 的龜裂 ,使得共晶組織 ( Cu6Sn5/Sn) 更均勻,因此合金的顯微硬度隨之下降。 其中最低硬度為 ( HV)。 顯微硬度分析 表 實驗所測試樣的硬度( HV) 合金 1 2 3 平均值
點擊復制文檔內(nèi)容
研究報告相關(guān)推薦
文庫吧 www.dybbs8.com
備案圖鄂ICP備17016276號-1