【正文】 東北大學秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設計（論文） 第 31 頁 東北大學秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設計（論文） 第 32 頁 參考文獻 [1] 孫桓，陳作模 .機械原理（第六版） .高等教育出版社 .. [2] 劉鴻文 .材料力學 .高等教育出版社 . [3] 范欽珊，殷雅俊 . 材料力學 .北京，清華大學出版社 .2021 [4] 濮良貴，紀名剛 .機械設計 . 高等教育出版社 . 第 7 版 [5] 李杞儀，趙韓主編 . 機械原理 . 武漢：武漢理工大學出版社， [6] 吳宗澤 .機械零件設計手冊 .機械工業(yè)出版社 . [7] 王昆等 .機械設計課程設計 .高等教育出版社 . [8] 王文斌等 .機械設計手冊 . 第 3 版 .北京，機械工業(yè)出版社 . [9] 朱冬梅，胥北瀾 .畫法幾何及機械制圖 .第 5 版 .高等教育出版社 . [10] 白建軍，張華，劉繼忠．輪椅床智能座便器的設計【 J】．機械設計與研究， 2021， 26(1)： 121124． [11] 吳劍．機器人化多功能護理床的研究與開發(fā)【 D】．華南理工大學 ， 2021． 東北大學秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設計（論文） 第 33 頁 附 錄 附錄 A Machine design theory The machine design is through designs the new product or improves the old product to meet the human need the application technical science. It involves the project technology each domain, mainly studies the product the size, the shape and the detailed structure basic idea, but also must study the product the personnel which in aspect the and so on manufacture, sale and use question. Carries on each kind of machine design work to be usually called designs the personnel or machine design engineer. The machine design is a creative work. Project engineer not only must have the creativity in the work, but also must in aspect and so on mechanical drawing, kinematics, engineerig material, materials mechanics and machine manufacture technology has the deep elementary knowledge. If front sues, the machine design goal is the production can meet the human need the product. The invention, the discovery and technical knowledge itself certainly not necessarily can bring the advantage to the humanity, only has when they are applied can produce on the product the benefit. Thus, should realize to carries on before the design in a specific product, must first determine whether the people do need this kind of product Must regard as the machine design is the machine design personnel carries on using creative ability the product design, the system analysis and a formulation product manufacture technology good opportunity. Grasps the project elementary knowledge to have to memorize some data and the formula is more important than. The merely service data and the formula is insufficient to the pletely decision which makes in a good design needs. On the other 東北大學秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設計（論文） 第 34 頁 hand, should be earnest precisely carries on all operations. For example, even if places wrong a decimal point position, also can cause the correct design to turn wrongly. A good design personnel should dare to propose the new idea, moreover is willing to undertake the certain risk, when the new method is not suitable, use original method. Therefore, designs the personnel to have to have to have the patience, because spends the time and the endeavor certainly cannot guarantee brings successfully. A brandnew design, the request screen abandons obsoletely many, knows very well the method for the people. Because many person of conservativeness, does this certainly is not an easy matter. A mechanical designer should unceasingly explore the improvement existing product the method, should earnestly choose originally, the process confirmation principle of design in this process, with has not unified it after the confirmation new idea. Newly designs itself can have the question occurrence which many flaws and has not been able to expect, only has after these flaws and the question are solved, can manifest new goods e into the market the product superiority. Therefore, a performance superior product is born at the same time, also is following a higher risk. Should emphasize, if designs itself does not request to use the brandnew method, is not unnecessary merely for the goal which transform to use the new method. In the design preliminary stage, should allow to design the personnel fully to display the creativity, not each kind of restraint. Even if has had many impractical ideas, also can in the design early time, namely in front of the plan blueprint is corrected. Only then, only then does not send to stops up the innovation the mentality. Usually, must propose several sets of design proposals, then perform the parison. Has the possibility very much in the plan which finally designated, has used certain not in plan some ideas which accepts. How does the psychologist frequently discuss causes the machine which the people 東北大學秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設計（論文） 第 35 頁 adapts them to operate. Designs personnel39。 ： 通過 TRIBON 制圖軟件與大學四年的 CAD 應用經(jīng)驗，繪制了護理床零件以及整體的三維視圖。 圖 護理床整體三維建模圖 東北大學秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設計（論文） 第 30 頁 結(jié) 論 針對社會對高級醫(yī)護裝備的迫切需求，本文設計了多功能護理床。 三維仿真視圖 首先需要根據(jù)床面尺寸建立護理床基本床面單元視圖。國能計算出重量、重心等參數(shù)。國可以直接將船體結(jié)構(gòu)作為艙室布置的甲板。原理圖設計類似于管系原理圖設計，系統(tǒng)能自動導出電纜布放原理圖和有關(guān)清單。 管系設計包括管系原理設計 (General Diagrams)、管路建模 (Pipe Modelling)、生產(chǎn)信息提取 ( Outfitting Lists)等模塊。 TRIBON 系統(tǒng)的附件庫采用的是單一數(shù)據(jù)庫 (single databank)，對于不同的項目 (project)，相同的附件僅需建立 1 次，因此初 始時的建庫工作量很大。該模塊用于存儲整個炯裝系統(tǒng)的部件信息，并負責建立、修改和維護這些數(shù)據(jù)信息。 TRIBON 一共分為六個設計模塊，其中包括，船體設計模塊、舾裝設計模塊、管系設計模塊、電纜設計模塊、艙室設計模塊和鐵舾裝（ Structure）設計模塊。 東北大學秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設計（論文） 第 26 頁 4 三維仿真設計 上文已經(jīng)給出了關(guān)于多功能護理床造型設計以及零件尺寸。 本章小結(jié) 本章承接上文的總體設計方案，以科學的方法和數(shù)據(jù)，完成了護理床的詳細設計。 曲腿機構(gòu)中零件設計與校核 連桿的設計 連桿一： 300mm，連桿二： 150mm，直徑 25mm， 45 鋼經(jīng)調(diào)質(zhì)處理。 同上，只校核連桿二： mmNlFM oo ????????? 1 0 8 4 8 615080s i n70c o s2 1 6 0s i nc o s 221 ?? 連桿所受的軸向力可忽略。 螺桿穩(wěn)定性校核 因坐起螺桿和曲腿螺桿柔度 40?s? 故不必進行穩(wěn)定性校核，只校核翻身機構(gòu)中的螺桿。 A 為螺紋段的危險截面面積： 214dA ?? （ d1為螺紋小徑） WT為螺桿螺紋抗扭截面系數(shù)： 東北大學秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設計（論文） 第 23 頁 3116dWT ?? T 為螺桿所受扭矩： T=38N 螺紋長度的確定 由前面電動機選擇過程中求電動機轉(zhuǎn)速時算出的數(shù)據(jù)： 翻身螺桿導程為 3000mm，螺紋選 350mm，據(jù)床的整體機構(gòu)確定螺桿總長度 500mm，材料選用 45 鋼。 由此得出螺紋最小扭矩為 28N dm為支撐面平均直徑， dm=d2=20mm。 圖 橫軸簡