【正文】 84. I believe that the most important forces behind the massive Mamp。 80. A parison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. [參考譯文 ] 將過去一個半世紀英國地質(zhì)學領域的出版物做一下比較， (我們 )就會發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅對科研的主導地位的強調(diào)不斷攀升，而且一篇可接受的科研論文所包含的內(nèi)容的定義也有所變化。 the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. [參考譯文 ] 相反，我們被款待看到這樣一些虛偽的壯觀景象，他們似乎比以前的任何時候都更供應充足：美國式物質(zhì)主義的批判者卻擁有位于南安普頓的避暑山莊：激進書籍的出版商卻在三星級餐廳享用一日三餐；倡導在人生各個階段的參與民主制的記者，他的子女卻就讀于私立學校。 76. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWsthe locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. [參考譯文 ] 當然，人們現(xiàn)在對成功及其各種標志的興趣似乎并不亞于先前。 74. With economic growth has e centralization: fully 76 percent of Japan39。 71. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the riverand then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers, Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eightyfive kilograms. [參考譯文 ] 但當我們先是從注釋中得知某詩行講述了一個土耳其軍官和一個保 加利亞軍官在橋上動手打架并雙雙掉進河里，而后卻發(fā)現(xiàn)該行詩中不過只充斥著 撲通，撲通， 185公斤重 這類對他們落水時的動靜以及對軍官們體重的描寫時，我們 不免感到困惑不安。 67. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the odd balls among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who work well with the team. [參考譯 文 ] 如果科學家對標準式樣的整齊劃一的要求就像他論文的寫作所反映的一 樣，那么管理層就不該因歧視研究者中的 思維與眾不同的人 ，喜歡其 中較為傳統(tǒng)的 善于團隊合作 的思想者而受到指責了。 64. Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds to create embryos (the earliest stage of human offspring before birth) for research or to knowingly endanger an embryo39。因為在 其他因素相同的情況下，技能的嫻熟是得到工作與否的關鍵。 58. An invisible border divides those arguing for puters in the classroom on the behalf of students39。t clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. [參考譯文 ] 盡管警告常常是適當而且必須的 比如對于藥物相互作用的危險提出 警告 許多警告還是按州或聯(lián)邦政府規(guī)定要求給出的，然而 (我們 ) 并不清楚，如果顧客受到傷害時，這些警告是不是確實可 以使得生產(chǎn)者 和銷售者豁免責任。 52. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of the plates with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earth39。 51. Unlike most of the world39。 50. As a result, California39。 48. This developmentand its strong implication for US politics and economy in years aheadhas enthroned the South as America39。 46. A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research. [參考譯文 ] 一項關于 1996年新聞報道的調(diào)查顯示，反科學的標簽還可以貼在許多其 他團體身上，從提倡消滅最后存留的天花病毒的權(quán)威機構(gòu)，到鼓吹削減 基礎研究經(jīng)費的共和黨人 (都被貼上了反科學的標簽 )。這種經(jīng)濟還受許多其他因 素的驅(qū)動，比如結(jié)合設備和機械上的投資、新技術，以及在教育和培訓 上的投資。 41. The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation. [參考譯文 ] 很不幸，這最令人震驚的解釋有一點缺陷。 39. Much of the language used to describe moary policy, such as steering the economy to a soft landing of a touch on the brakes , makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth. [參考譯文 ] 有很多用于描述貨幣政策的詞匯，例如 輕踩剎車 以 操縱經(jīng)濟軟著 陸 ，使貨幣政策聽起來像是一門精確的科學。s stockholders39。 34. We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. [參考譯文 ] 我們生活在一種藥品 (毒品 )的醫(yī)學用途和社會用途都很廣泛的社會里： 一片用來止頭痛的阿斯匹林，一些用來社交的葡萄酒，早上自己提提神 所喝的咖啡，一支用來定神的香煙。 32. In Australia where an aging population, lifeextending technology and changing munity attitudes have all played their partother states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. [參考譯文 ] 在澳 大利亞 人口老齡化，延長壽命的技術和變化看的社會態(tài)度，這 些因素都在發(fā)揮作用一一其他的州也會考慮制定相似的關于安樂死的 法律。 30. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia39。 29. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: This book stands for reason itself. And so it doesand all wound be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate. [參考譯文 ] 在這本杰出的書的外紙封面上，史蒂芬 27. Robert Fulton once wrote, The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheel, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea. [參考譯文 ] 羅伯特 and above all the American genius for nonverbal, spatial thinking about things technological. [參考譯文 ] 在許多形成因素當中，我將挑選出這些：這個國家優(yōu)秀的小學教育：歡 迎新技術的勞動者們：獎勵發(fā)明者的做法；而且最重要的是美國人在對 那些技術性事物的非言語的、 空間性的 思考方面的天賦。 24. The paid manager acting for the pany was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away. [參考譯文 ] 代表公司的花錢雇來的經(jīng)理與工人及其需求的關系更加直接，但是就連 他對工人們也沒有那種熟識的私人之間的了解。 22. Towns li