【正文】 Summary ofGrammar：，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)。He says(that)he will have a walk teacherasks who is the cleverest in the ． want to know who came here late this ，從句也要用過去時(shí)。He wondered if I would told me that her son had got said that she liked watching thought Jim was ，從句若表客觀真理，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 said the moon is smaller than the ，都要用陳述句語序。Could you tell me when you will get back to Wuhan?（不是will you）Do you know which sweater she is wearing?(不是is she)：1主句若是一般將來時(shí)、祈使句或含不表過去的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等，則if(如果), unless(除非)，when(當(dāng)?的時(shí)候), as soon as(一?就?)，before, after, until, till, as(當(dāng)?的時(shí)候)所引導(dǎo)的狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。You may take a rest when you finish doing your will call you up if I leave for Shanghai next for your brother at the bus station until he ，從句也要用過去時(shí)，如：I would give the money to the charity if I had a million he got to the park, his classmates had son ran towards me as soon as he saw me on the ：關(guān)系代詞who只指人，which只指物。that既可指人又可指物。whose 后必須跟有名詞，既指人，也可指物。關(guān)系詞作主語時(shí)，不可省略，作賓語時(shí)可省略。whom只指人，只作賓語。關(guān)系副詞where指“在那里”，when指“在那時(shí)”。She is a girl who/that is beauti l and is a girl(who/whom/that)I know very boy whosehair is very long is my brother.(所屬)The girl whois tall is my sister./ I own a bike whoseprice is bought a watch(which/that)I paid 100 yuan for.（指物）I prefer a place which/thatis clean and prefer a place whereI can live a quiet life.（在這兒）I shall never forget the day whena boy helped me find my :1wish可接to do sth./sb to do sth./ wish to spend my summer holiday in wish youto join my flowers smell beauti sweets taste silk feels felt 。The sweets are tasted 。注意：如果加介詞like, 則后不可接形容詞，而接名詞或代詞：He looks like his sounds like a good smells like a tastes like : + 賓語 + 賓語補(bǔ)足語。(代替賓從)賓補(bǔ)有以下情況：，John found his son a clever ， thinks her husband kind of ，I found it hard to fool the like/want/feel like: 1 would like，和want類似：◇都可接名詞短語：I would like/ want another three desks.◇都可接帶to 不定式：I would like/ want to go out for a walk.◇都可接sb,然后再跟帶to 不定式: I would like you to give me a feel like: ◇后也可接名詞短語：Do you feel like some tea? ◇后若接動(dòng)詞，須用動(dòng)詞ing形式：Do you feel like having a walk? I don’t feel like drinking tea.【feel like常用于疑問句或否定句中?！浚? 形容詞修飾不定代詞或不定副詞，形容詞在后面。Is there anything delicious in the fridge?Nothing is something wrong with the want to go somewhere 、不定副詞，也放在后面。What else can you see in the picture? Who else is in the room?Do you have anything else to say? Where else can you see it? enough修飾形容詞和副詞，enough 放在后面。This sweater is cheap is old enough to ran fast enough to catch up with the “評(píng)價(jià)”、“天氣”的提問之區(qū)別：1What do you think of ??=How do you like ?? “你對(duì)?怎么看？”(How??句中有l(wèi)ike，是動(dòng)詞。)2What’s the weather like in?? = How is the weather in??“?的天氣什么樣?”(What??句中有l(wèi)ike，是介詞“像”。), cost, pay, spend區(qū)別： It + take + sb + some time + to do took us half an hour to cut down the +cost+sb+錢: The bag cost me thirty yuan.(cost, cost, cost)若cost后無sb, 則譯作“價(jià)錢是”：The bag costs 30 + pay +sb + 錢+ for sth: I paid the seller 200 Yuan for the bike.(pay, paid, paid).(pay后所加內(nèi)容可視具體情況取舍。)人 + spend + 時(shí)間/ 錢 + on sth /(in)doing girl spent two hours(in)searching the girl always spends much money on her 有時(shí)可指“度過”：spend holiday/ weekends/ winter ：pass/ give/ teach/ offer/ lend/ send/ sell/ call/ show/buy/ask/ tell/ build等可加雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)。即后接sb + , give, offer, lend, send, sell, show等可接sth + to , build等可接sth + for ，若sth是代詞時(shí)，不用雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)。Please pass it to ：（連詞接句子，介詞接名詞或代詞）Keep care l when you are listening to the teacher.（連詞）Keep care l when listening to the teacher.（介詞）類似的，while, than, before, after, as, since, until等。如：I’ll wait until I hear from her.（連詞）I’ll wait until next Friday.（介詞）那個(gè)叫做彼得的男孩是我的朋友。劃線部分起修飾作用，下同。He’s eating fried 。There is no time have read a novel writtenby Lu 。He lives in a house builttwenty years ：表示正進(jìn)行或功能，常作定語。the ing boy, a running bus, the rising sun, a bus running on the road, the boy ing in the corner(正進(jìn)行)a sitting room, the sleeping car, the bathing suit(功能)：和心理感受有關(guān)，但ed修飾人，ing常修飾物。I felt surprised at his exciting the film is!/ I want to go to a place which is ：To be a teacher is my hard brings you care of our environment is very plant trees makes me happy.（謂語用單數(shù)）Reading books gives you knowledge.(謂語用單數(shù))Listening and writing are both difficult.(謂語用復(fù)數(shù)) / after / ago /before: 1later“?時(shí)間后”結(jié)構(gòu)：時(shí)間段+later常用于一般過去時(shí)。They went to Beijing five days later.(later單獨(dú)在句尾，常用于將來時(shí)：I’ll see you later.)2after“?時(shí)間后”結(jié)構(gòu)：after+時(shí)間段，常用于一般過去時(shí)，和1相同。They went to Beijing after five days.(after也可加句子：I’ll send you an after I get found out the information after he had searched the Internet for thirty minutes.)3ago“?時(shí)間前”結(jié)構(gòu)：時(shí)間段+ago, 用于一般過去時(shí)。The Greens moved to Shanghai four weeks ago.(since +時(shí)間段+ago，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))4before 單獨(dú)放在句尾，常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：“以前”I have been to London has seen the film before.(若是時(shí)間段+before, 則常用過去完成時(shí)，譯為“?時(shí)間前”：I had seen the film two weeks had found out the answer to the problem an hour before.) 22.“也”：either, 用于否定句的末尾。also, 通常挨著動(dòng)詞，少用于句尾。too, 通常在句尾，前常有逗號(hào)。as well, 只用于句尾。注意：后三個(gè)詞都不用于否定句：帶to不定式有邏輯賓語在前時(shí)，to后動(dòng)詞用及物動(dòng)詞，不及物時(shí)需加介詞。The apples are too tall for the boy to reach./The zoo is not a good place for animals to live .(a)little /(a)few: 1few，little“幾乎沒有；少”否定詞。few加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù), little加不可數(shù)名詞。2a few“一些”肯定詞，加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。a little“一些；一點(diǎn)”也是肯定詞，加不可數(shù)名詞。3另外，在too, very, so等詞后用few, little。在only, just, still等詞后用a few, a a few/ a little譯為“很多”+副詞：put on/off/away/up/down/out。break off/down。turn on/off/up/down。get back。use up。give away/out/up/back。try out/on。ring/call up。let down。clean up/out。set up。think up。hand in/out。fix up。work out。dress up。pick up。help out。keep off/out/down cut down。write down。wake up(叫醒)。take off/away。sell out。look up/over。eat up。throw away/off賓語是名詞時(shí)，可放在中間或后邊，是代詞時(shí)只放在中間。??as用法：1和?一樣? His room is as big as runs as fast as I /?as possible/sb can “盡可能?”We went there as soon as 。Listen to the teacher as carefully you ：as soon as 和?一樣快；一?就?；as much as和?一樣多；多達(dá)；as long as和?一樣長(zhǎng)；長(zhǎng)達(dá)；只要；as well as和?一樣好；和?一樣；as far as遠(yuǎn)達(dá)；就?來說；：prefer sth/doing sth to sth/doing sth比起?更喜歡?prefer to do sth rather than do sth寧愿?也不愿?prefer to do sth / prefer doing sth 更喜歡做某事 , any, every