石油工程專業(yè)英語-鉆井技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)重點句子basicdrillingtechnology-資料下載頁
2025-10-12 14:56本頁面
【導(dǎo)讀】chronological按年代次序記載的。Drakewell1859年美國鉆的第一口井。capsule容器(救生船). 掌握相關(guān)的鉆井設(shè)備和鉆井方法，了解鉆井設(shè)備演化發(fā)展歷史。studn.雙頭螺栓、柱螺栓、短軸。v.散布、點綴bestuddedwith布滿、散布。milestonen.里程碑，重大的事件v.用里程碑標(biāo)出。promptv.鼓勵、促使adj.迅速的、果斷的、敏捷的。percussionn.撞擊、沖擊，本文中為“頓鉆”，與cable同義。flushingout逐出，其中“flush”意為“沖洗”。n.一點，一些例如：abitof. rign.鉆機(jī)，鉆井裝置例如：rotaryrig旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)。hydrocarbonn.烴，碳?xì)浠衔铩１M管這種輪流起升,下降金屬鉆頭沖擊鉆井的方。法在美國東北部盛行了很長時間,但是在美洲中部引進(jìn)的旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)鉆。井的方法,漸漸成為全球使用最廣的方法。
【正文】 ay have a crew of five or six individuals, while an offshore rig drilling a deep, exploratory well at a remote location may have several crews and groups of socialists, totaling forty to fifty persons. 小型的陸上鉆機(jī)每組只需 6 個人，但是海上深井鉆機(jī)、偏遠(yuǎn)地方鉆的探井需一些鉆井人員和社會活動家小組，總共大約 40到 50人 。 43. The drilling engineer, or drilling representative, is the operating pany person on location who is responsible for the safe, efficient execution of the drilling program according to pany policies. 鉆井工程師或鉆井負(fù)責(zé)人是作業(yè)公司的人，他們以公司的規(guī)定負(fù)責(zé)安全、高效實施鉆井。 44. Reporting to the tool pusher is the driller, an experienced hand who operates the drawworks and rotary table, and directs the roughnecks and the derrickman. 13 向隊長報告的是司鉆，一個有經(jīng)驗的人，他操作絞車、鉆盤并指導(dǎo)鉆工和架子工。 45. The kelly slowly moves downward until the top of the kelly and the attached swivel are near the drilling floor (after about 30 to 40 ft [9 to 12m] has been drilled). 方鉆桿緩慢的向下移動直到其頂部和連接的水龍頭與鉆臺接近（大約在鉆了 912 時） 。 46. The kelly and attached drillstring are lifted up in the derrick until the kelly bushing has cleared the drill floor and the tool joint between kelly and drillpipe is visible. 方鉆桿和連接的 被舉伸到井架上只到方鉆桿補(bǔ)心把鉆臺和工具接頭打掃干凈在方鉆桿謁鉆柱可見時 。 47. Once the hole is drilled, variety of logging devices can he lowered into the borehole to measure and record the properties of the rock formations perated. 一旦井眼鉆完后， 各種勘測裝置都被送到井下，進(jìn)行度量和記錄滲透性巖層的情況。 48. These devices are of three general types, depending on how the rock properties are measured. 這些是三個一般的類型，依據(jù)巖石的情況怎么樣來度量。 49. This type is time consuming and expensive, and is rarely undertaken unless precise laboratory measurement of rock properties is desired. 這種類型很耗時間，并且還很貴，如果巖石在實驗室是精確度量不是所期望是話，很少采用它。 50. This type of diamond bit cuts a cylindrical core of rock that can be retrieved at the surface for analysis. 這種金剛石鉆頭用來獲取在地面上進(jìn)行分析的圓柱行的巖心。 51. All of these evaluation techniques allow the geologist and engineer to 14 determine the productive potential of the well. 所有這些評價技術(shù)可以讓地質(zhì)學(xué)家和工程師決定井的生產(chǎn)潛力。 52. As discussed earlier, special drilling equipment has been developed to handle the problems connected to an offshore environment. 正如早些時候所討論的，專門的鉆井設(shè)備已經(jīng)發(fā)展來解決和臨海鉆井環(huán)境 相關(guān)的一些問題。 53. They inform the puter when to activate the necessary thruster and adjust the position by varying thruster pitch or speed. 他們告訴計算機(jī)什么時候通過改變推進(jìn)器的角度或速度來活動必須的推進(jìn)器和適應(yīng)它的位置。 54. A number of systems have been developed to handle the problems of water depth and vertical movement. 已經(jīng)發(fā)展了許多系統(tǒng)來管理水深和垂直的問題。 55. Because offshore rig costs are usually much higher than land rigs, the expense of lost drilling time as the result of poor planning or unforeseen equipment needs can be significant. 因為沿海鉆井的花費比陸地的要多許 多，由于計劃不好或沒有預(yù)計的設(shè)備而造成的浪費時間等問題都很重要。 56. Downhole motors are drilling tools that rely on a turbine powered by drilling mud to turn the bit. 井下動力裝置是一種鉆井液驅(qū)動渦輪來帶動鉆頭的鉆井工具。 57. The tool deflects the rotating drillstem to the side of the hole and is then removed. 工具使旋轉(zhuǎn)的鉆桿傾斜到井眼的一邊然后來移動它。 58. A surface readout give the position of the bit while it is drilling. 一種表面讀出器會給出在鉆井是的鉆頭位置。 15 59. An offshore rig or platform must include equipment for the survival of all personnel should the structure need to be abandoned in an emergency. 假如在緊急情況下必須拋棄結(jié)構(gòu)時，海上鉆機(jī)或鉆井平臺必須裝有使所有工作人員逃生的設(shè)備。 60. These selfpropelled vessels contain food, water, munications equipment, and ventilation systems. 這些自動推進(jìn)的容器裝有食物、水、通訊設(shè)備以及通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)。
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