【正文】 t catches up “misfortune”. In integral eighty four days, he has not caught a fish. As a fishing man, that is the most unlucky. Even a boy who spends a long time with him also has to leave him on the fortieth day.The old man’s tragic fate is a vivid symbol in art of Hemingway misfortune. Hemingway had once joined in the Second World War and the Spanish War. The society after war is disarrayed and destitute. The fantastic phenomenon of the war and the society brought deep spiritual injury to Hemingway, which can be said that he survived the war after many perils. This is just one of the old man’s aspects of being old. We find that, after For whom the Bell Tolls, Hemingway did not publish any important article, Across the River and Into the Trees suffered criticism again. Numerous critics even affirmed Hemingway’s intelligence had already exhausted, he had nothing fresh, and such situation is so alike the circumstance of the old man at the beginning. In order to prove he is a “geezer”, or in order to prove that he is strongminded, and can finish the task that no one can replace, the old man must catch a big fish, concerning dignity and honor. Hemingway stressed that he had once planned to name the article Man’s Dignity. To Hemingway, he must write works that is the best in all his life. Hemingway realizes that he can gain a good fame by the fulfilling of The Old Man and the sea. “I will do my best to write better later on, but it will be very difficult …I am special writer, I know how things stand.” [13] The old man also realizes that “eightyfifth” is a lucky day, “I can seize a big fish of one thousand pounds”. After the old man catches the biggest fish that he has never seen, he has already exhausted, his hands are not only deserted, but also full of scars. In my opinion, the portraying of the old man who is “a loser who can not be defeated” can’t be departed from enquiring into the dual personality of Hemingway. The words and actions reflect Hemingway’s outlook on life and his behavior standard. The victory of spirit gives dignity and courage to these losers and their creators. At the same time, he uses a mask to conceal the weakness and fatalism.The aggravation of the old man’s circumstances is to reveal the “graceful demeanor” when Hemingway is under “pressure”. Under this pressure, the old man’s failure appears to be moving and tragic. At the beginning, the old man puts to sea every day, but he has not caught a fish in succession in eightyfour days, this kind of failure is out of luck enough, and the little boy’s departure makes the old man’s circumstances more miserable. But in such situation, the old man reveals the unyielding character perfectly: When his big fish has been eaten by the shark with skeleton surplus rested, he asks himself: “ What defeated you?” “ is me who goes too far.” [14]The old man admits his failure bravely, but he believes his own ability absolutely. He believes even though he fails, he is still brave inparably, and has not been defeated by the shark in spirit, he does not lose heart, because he believes that “Once he has been defeated, the thing is easy.” The First World War made Hemingway learns the society again, which affected the works of literature seriously. In Hemingway’s sight, the world is full of violence and hypocrite, the death is waiting for everybody. This is the symbol of the old man’s sad fate. If human beings want to live in this society, they must set up a living rule, that is: they can not win, we can not admit defeat, they can do our best to live under toleration, giving up dispute of emotion, seeking happiness in the open air. This set of living rule made Hemingway portray this typical unyielding man’s unperturbed manner. After sixteen years, Hemingway realized the true essence of the story, he turned this true story into a parable that infiltrates philosophy. Hemingway does not tell the story simply, but reveal his living experience, emotion and thought fighting image of Santiago is the development of toughguy images after 1920s and 1930s. It summaries more and research a higher degree of symbolism and moral.Chapter Six ConclusionThe old fisher man’s tragic life reflects Ernest Hemingway’s has taken part in two world wars and spanic and the people had not relief from the evil dream of the ,failing had been always around society is full of chaos and decay after and absurd social phenomenon brought mental and physical trauma to Ernest helped Hemingway to show the character of Santiago.In addition,by describing the experience of Santiago,Hemingway succeeded in reaching his goal to convey the main theme of the ,confidence as well as never giving up are ways leading to other words,a mam can be destroyed but not be readers and critics give the worksthe Old Man and the Sea so high ment just because of the meanings and influences of the as Hemingway once spoke highly of his artistic achievement in the great work that the Old Man and the Sea is the only best work during his lifelong literary Old Man and the Sea is a song of praise about human spirit. Through the description of the sufferings Santiago endures and his courageous behavior in his fights with the marlin and the sharks, Hemingway intends to tell us: although life is a lonely battle, it is a struggle that man should fight on with courage and endurance。 and the “meaning” of life is not to be found in “success” or “failure”, but rather in the struggle itself. He tells us that a man should face and overe the difficulties in life with courage,confidence and the spirit of never giving up.Bibliography[1] 趙紅英：《美國文學簡史指南》，北京：中國傳媒大學出版社，[2] 常耀信：《美國文學》，天津：南開大學出版社，[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][12][14]Ernest Old Man and The Sea ,譯林出版社，[10] 桂揚清，吳翔林：《美國文學選讀》【M】,北京：中國對外出版社，2001[11] 金莉，秦亞清：《美國文學》【M】,北京：外語教學與研究出版社，1996[13] 海明威：《海明威文集》，北京：京華出版社，2