【正文】 , the youngster from Arequipa, Peru came up with the innovative idea of an ecobank, which allows kids of all ages to gain economic independence— while also helping the environment. Established in 2012, the Bartselana Student Bank is the world39。s first bank for kids. To open an account, kids have to bring in at least 5 kilograms of solid waste (paper or plastic) and establish a savings goal. Once accepted, all bank partners are required to deposit(存儲) at least one additional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis and meet other requirements, such as attending financial education and environmental management workshops. The waste collected is sold to local recycling panies, who, thanks to Jose, pay a higherthanmarket rate for everything brought in by Bartselana Student Bank members. The funds received are placed in the individual39。s account until his/her savings goal is reached. The account holder can then withdraw his/her money, or choose to leave it and continue to grow for a bigger target. At the beginning, my teachers thought I was crazy, Jose recalls. They did not understand that we are not the future of the country but its present. Luckily. I had the support of the school principal. By 2013, the bank had over 200 members who brought in one ton of recyclable waste. Today, the ecobank, which now has the support of several local institutions, has ten educational centers. They are designed to teach the over 3,000 members both finance and environmental management. On December 6, 2018, in response to the growing demand, Bartselana Student Bank began accepting applications from kids all across Peru. As the teenager says, Together we can change the world. We just need an opportunity.（1）What is the purpose of the ecobank? A.To involve kids in the management of the local recycling panies.B.To help kids get pocket money to spend on things like candy and toys.C.To show kids how important it is to learn environmental management.D.To get kids to help the environment and be economically independent.（2）What duty does an ecobank member have to perform? A.Attending financial education workshops.B.Bringing in 5 kilos of waste.C.Saving one kilo of solid waste weekly.D.Establishing a savings goal.（3）What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean? A.Kids are more responsible when growing up.B.The future of the country relies mainly on kids.C.Kids can contribute to the society though young.D.The present is a vital period for kid development.（4）Which of the following words can best describe Jose? A.Generous.B.Crazy.C.Flexible.D.Influential.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，巴塞拉納學(xué)生銀行成立于2012年，是世界上第一家兒童銀行。為了開戶，孩子們必須攜帶至少5公斤的固體廢物(紙或塑料)，并設(shè)定一個儲蓄目標(biāo)。回收的垃圾被賣給當(dāng)?shù)氐幕厥展?，多虧了Jose，這些公司為巴塞拉納學(xué)生銀行成員帶來的所有東西支付高于市場的價格。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“the youngster from Arequipa, Peru came up with the innovative idea of an ecobank, which allows kids of all ages to gain economic independence— while also helping the environment.”可知ecobank的目的是讓孩子們幫助環(huán)境和變得經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)立。故選D。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Once accepted, all bank “partners” are required to deposit(存儲) at least one additional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis and meet other requirements, such as attending financial education and environmental management workshops.”可知所有銀行的“合作伙伴”必須每月至少額外存放一公斤可回收物品，并滿足其他要求，例如參加金融教育和環(huán)境管理研討會。故選A。 （3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中的“By 2013, the bank had over 200 members who brought in one ton of recyclable waste. Today, the ecobank, which now has the support of several local institutions, has ten educational centers.”可知到2013年，世界銀行已有200多名成員，他們帶來了一噸可回收垃圾。如今，生態(tài)銀行已經(jīng)得到了幾個當(dāng)?shù)貦C(jī)構(gòu)的支持，擁有十個教育中心。即可知生態(tài)銀行是給社會帶來了貢獻(xiàn)的，即劃線部分的意思是作為生態(tài)銀行成員的孩子們雖然年輕，但是可以為社會做貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“As the teenager says, ‘Together we can change the world. We just need an opportunity.’”可知Jose提到我們可以一起改變世界，我們只是需要一個機(jī)會。與上文因?yàn)镴ose為生態(tài)銀行成員帶來的東西支付高于市場的價格，而使得銀行成員有了增加，并得到了當(dāng)?shù)貦C(jī)構(gòu)和教育中心的支持，可知Jose是“有影響力的”。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 Microsoft announced this week that its facialrecognition system is now more accurate in identifying people of color, touting (吹噓)its progress at tackling one of the technology39。s biggest biases (偏見). But critics, citing Microsoft39。s work with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, quickly seized on how that improved technology might be used. The agency contracts with Microsoft for cloudputing tools that the tech giant says is largely limited to office work but can also include face recognition. Columbia University professor Alondra Nelson tweeted, We must stop confusing 39。inclusion39。 in more 39。diverse39。 surveillance (監(jiān)管)systems with justice and equality. Facialrecognition systems more often misidentify people of color because of a longrunning data problem: The massive sets of facial images they train on skew heavily toward white men. A Massachusetts Institute of Technology study this year of the facerecognition systems designed by Microsoft, IBM and the Chinabased Face++ found that facialrecognition systems consistently giving the wrong gender for famous women of color including Oprah Winfrey, Serena Williams, Michelle Obama and Shirley Chisholm, the first black female member of Congress. The panies have responded in recent months by pouring many more photos into the mix, hoping to train the systems to better tell the differences among more than just white faces. IBM said Wednesday it used 1 million facial images, taken from the photosharing site Flickr, to build the world39。s largest facial dataset which it will release publicly for other panies to use. IBM and Microsoft say that allowed its systems to recognize gender and skin tone with much more precision. Microsoft said its improved system reduced the error rates for darkerskinned men and women by up to 20 times, and reduced error rates for all women by nine times. Those improvements were heralded(宣布)by some for taking aim at the prejudices in a rapidly spreading technology, including potentially reducing the kinds of false positives that could lead poli