【正文】 he next fall when the Confucius temple started to be rebuilt ,
第二年孔廟開始被重建
60lu zhi wrote an inscription[inskrip∫?n碑文] for the tablet.
盧摯為碑撰寫了碑文
61but the tablet was not made right away until 22 years later in 1330.
當(dāng)時沒有勒石，直到22年后在1330年
62In the xianfeng years of the qing dynasty,the Confucius temple was burnt down in a war 清朝咸豐年，在戰(zhàn)爭中被毀，
63and the tablet was missing[misiη失蹤]
此碑失蹤。.
64during the reconstruction[ri：k?nstrΛkl?n重建] of the Confucius temple in 1986, the tablet happened[偶然發(fā)生] to be unearthed[Λn’?：θ發(fā)掘] from the underground[地下]
1986年復(fù)建文廟時碑在地下被發(fā)現(xiàn)
65The tablet of the four saints[封四圣碑]
66In 1331 emperor wenzong of the yuan dynasty granted [gra：ntid加封]the four disciples[di’sai’pl門徒] of Confucius
在1331年元朝文宗皇帝加封孔子的四個門徒
67Yanhui, zengshen, kongji and mengke as 4 saints[] second to Confucius
顏回、曾參、孔伋和孟軻為四亞圣
68and they were carved [ka：v雕刻]on a stone tablet to inform [infэ：m告知]the whole country. 以此刻在石碑上告知全國。
67tablet of madam super saint Confucius.[封至圣夫人碑]
68 In 1331 the wife of Confucius was posthumously awarded the title of Madam Super Saint(孔子之妻被加封為至圣夫人)
1331年孔子之妻被加封為至圣夫人
69and a stone tablet was made for her according to the imperial decree (以此旨勒石刻碑) and erected here side by side with the tablet of the four saints (與封四氏碑并列于夫子廟) .
70Dacheng Hall or the Hall of Great Achievements (大成殿) is the main building of Confucian Temple
大成殿是文廟的主體建筑，
71and the very place to enshrine and worship Confucius (供奉和祭祀孔子的地方).
72 The hall is a doubleeaved and gableroofed structure in ancient imitation (重檐歇山頂仿古
建筑),
73Displayed in the hall there is a huge portrait of Confucius (孔子巨幅畫像),
which is the largest one through out the country.
Also put on show are the portraits of Yan Hui (顏回), Zeng Shen (曾參), Kong Ji (孔伋) (the grandson of Confucius) and Mengke (Mencius), the four disciples of Confucius as well as a number of ancient musical instruments.
Hung on the inner walls of the hall there are 38 jadeandjadeitecarved paintings inlaid with gold, jewelry and motherofpearl (羅鈿) about the life story of Confucius (孔子生平事跡). In the temple courtyard (廟院) enclosed by roofed corridors, there is a large openair terrace (露臺), which used to be an altar for holding sacrificial ceremony and performance of songs and dance (曾是祭祀和歌舞的地方). on the terrace there stands a huge bronze statue of Confucius. the forehead of the statue appears a unique wisdomandforesight of the great thinker (眉宇間透露出偉大思想家特有的睿智), better making a deep impression on visitors. Juxing Pavilion At the west of the temple square there stands a hexagonal pavilion (the pavilion with its 6 eaves upturned) called “Juxing”. The name of Juxing means “assembly of stars” (群星匯聚) and “a galaxy of talent” (人才薈萃), because all the men of letters or welleducated people were regarded as stars over the sky in feudal China. Juxing pavilion was the place for intellectuals to converge on (聚集) and to learn from each other by exchanging their experience in study (切磋學(xué)習(xí)心得).
Kuixing Pavilion (now called Kuiguang Pavilion) (魁光閣) at the east of Pan Pool lies the Kuixing Pavilion, which is also called the Pavilion of God of Literature (文星閣). The threestoried hexagonal tower was the place for provincial examination candidates (鄉(xiāng)試士子們) to pay worship to Confucius before they sit for imperial examinations (應(yīng)考前拜孔的地方). Later,the pavilion was turned into a teahouse (茶社) for candidates (考生) to meet friends with tea drinking.
Kuixing is the star at the tip of the bowl of the Big Dipper (魁為北斗星之第一星), one of the 28 constellations over the sky (天上28個星宿之一). It was said to be God of literature dominating the fortune of culture and education (主宰文運之神) and ,Confucius was regarded as the God. In times of imperial examinations (在科舉時代), the examination candidates often came to offer sacrifice to Confucius in the hope of successfully passing the imperial examinations and being a provincial graduate (以求中舉).
The Palace of Learning (學(xué)宮) The Palace of Learning is an architectural plex consisting of Mingde Hall or the Hall of Bright Virtue (明德堂), Zunjing Library (尊經(jīng)閣), Qingyun Tower (青云樓) and Ancestral Temple for Worshiping the Parents of Confucius (崇圣祠) etc.. The Palace of Learning was an institution of higher learning (高等學(xué)府) of the prefecture in ancient times, usually built behind Confucian Temple.
Mingde Hall or the Hall of Bright Virtue (明德堂) was the main hall (正堂) of Palace of Learning ,the place for putting up the list of successful candidates (張懸科第題名榜) in the years of the imperial examination system and was also an assembly auditorium (集會禮堂) for the students to attend lectures on Confucius teachings(圣教)and imperial edicts (上諭) given by assistant instructor(聽訓(xùn)導(dǎo)師宣講圣教和上諭) after their pilgrimage on the first and the 15th day (朔、望日) every lunar month.
Zunjing Library (尊經(jīng)閣) was a twostoried building with each having 5 rooms (上下兩層各五楹). The upstairs was used to collect the Chinese traditional learning of the Ming Dynasty (明代
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