【正文】 ysis 1. Select “Multiple Columns” if data is unstacked 2. Enter number of appraisers and trials 3. Enter name of column with “Known” 4. Select OK 1. Select “Single Column” if data is stacked A p p r a i s e rPercent3211 0 09 08 07 06 09 5 . 0 % ? C IP e r c e n tA p p r a i s e rPercent3211 0 09 08 07 06 09 5 . 0 % ? C IP e r c e n tD a t e o f s t u d y : R e p o r t e d b y :N a m e o f p r o d u c t :M i s c :A s s e s s m e n t A g r e e m e n tW i t h i n A p p r a i s e r s A p p r a i s e r v s S t a n d a r dMINITAB Graphical Output Lower variation within appraiser Higher variation within appraiser Lower variation appraiser vs. standard Higher variation appraiser vs. standard Not included if no “Known” MINITAB Session Window Results Each Appraiser vs. Standard Assessment Agreement Appraiser Inspected Matched Percent (%) % CI Bob 30 28 ( , ) Sue 30 29 ( , ) Tom 30 24 ( , ) Matched: Appraiser39。 ? 每份樣本包含 20個(gè)方盒，每個(gè)方盒包含 25個(gè)字母或數(shù)字 . ? 如果方盒包含任何數(shù)字即被認(rèn)為是有缺陷的（ FAIL）。 2） Cg是公差和測(cè)量變異進(jìn)行比較， CgK是公差和測(cè)量變異及偏倚量?jī)烧哌M(jìn)行比較 Cg和 CgK越大，表示測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的變異相對(duì)公差來(lái)說(shuō)越小。 ? 讓 3個(gè)檢查員獨(dú)立地評(píng)估手中的第一份樣本并判斷每一個(gè)方盒是否有缺陷 ? 每個(gè)方盒只給 5秒的時(shí)間做判斷。 1) average of repeated measurements from more accurate measuring equipment用更準(zhǔn)確的測(cè)量設(shè)備測(cè)量多次取平均值 2) values endorsed by a professional group專(zhuān)業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)可的值 3) values agreed upon by the affected parties客戶(hù)認(rèn)可的值 4) values defined by law法律規(guī)定的值 ? To measure the master sample 25 times in same condition at least, record the measurements. 在相同條件下重復(fù)測(cè)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樣品至少 25次，記錄每次測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù) Study Method 在此處輸入測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù) 在此處輸入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值 在此處輸入測(cè)量值 的公差規(guī)格 Example of Type 1 Gage Study 1 Open the worksheet . 2 Choose Stat Quality Tools Gage Study Type 1 Gage Study. 3 In Measurement data, enter Diameter. 4 In Reference, type . 5 Under Tolerance, choose Upper spec lower spec and type . Click OK. Example of Type 1 Gage Study 4 64 13 63 12 62 11 61 1611 2 . 3 1 01 2 . 3 0 51 2 . 3 0 01 2 . 2 9 5O b s e r v a t i o nDiameter R e f R e f + 0 . 1 0 * T o lR e f 0 . 1 0 * T o lR e f e r e n c e 1 2 . 3 0 5M e a n 1 2 . 3 0 2 6 9S t D e v 0 . 0 0 3 6 3 16 * S t D e v ( S V ) 0 . 0 2 1 7 8 3T o l e r a n c e ( T o l ) 0 . 0 5B a s i c S t a t i s t i c sB i a s 0 . 0 0 2 3 1T 4 . 5 0 6 8 9 2P V a l u e 0 . 0 0 0( T e s t B i a s = 0 )B i a sC g 0 . 4 6C g k 0 . 2 5C a p a b i l i t y% V a r ( R e p e a t a b i l i t y ) 4 3 . 5 7 %% V a r ( R e p e a t a b i l i t y a n d B i a s ) 8 1 . 1 0 %G a g e n a m e : D a t e o f s t u d y : R e p o r t e d b y : T o l e r a n c e : 0 . 0 5M i s c : R u n C h a r t o f D i a m e t e rT y p e 1 G a g e S t u d y f o r D i a m e t e r1）分析結(jié)果顯示偏倚量是 ， P值等于 0說(shuō)明測(cè)量系統(tǒng)的偏倚是統(tǒng)計(jì)顯著的 同樣從圖上可以看出大部分的測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)都低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值。 ? 當(dāng) 3位檢查員完成第 1份樣本后，將被提供第 2份樣本并重復(fù)以上步驟。 Sample Rule ? One master sample (known reference value) 取一個(gè)已知標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樣品 ? Reference values can be determined in many ways, depending on industry standards and pany and customer expectations. Some of the bases for reference values are: 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值可以通過(guò)多種方法獲得，根據(jù)行業(yè)和公司標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及客戶(hù)的期望。 ? 數(shù)據(jù)錄入員將小組答案錄入 Attribute R ? 全部完成后，老師將提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 。 (MSA手冊(cè)第三版定義 ) Measurement System As A Process Cleanliness Temperature Dimension Weight Corrosion Hardness Conductivity Density Sequence Timing Positioning Location Setup Preparation Cleanliness Temperature Design Precision Calibration Resolution Stability Wear Cleanliness Vibration Atmospheric pressure Lighting Temperature Humidity Complianceprocedure Fatigue Attention Calculation error Interpretation Speed Coordination Vision Knowledgeinstrument Dexterity People Environment Measurement Error Method Material Machine Components Of Measurement Error ? Resolution/Discrimination 分辨率 ? Accuracy (bias effects) 準(zhǔn)確度（偏離） ? Linearity 線(xiàn)性 ? Stability (consistency) 穩(wěn)定性（一致性） ? Repeatability (Precision) 重復(fù)性（精度） ? Reproducibility (Precision) 再現(xiàn)性（精度） Each ponent of measurement error can contribute to variation, causing wrong decisions to be made 測(cè)量誤差的每一項(xiàng)都可能對(duì)變差造成影響而使我們做出錯(cuò)誤的決策 Categories Of Measurement Error Which Affect Location 影響位置的測(cè)量誤差 Accuracy/ Bias Linearity Stability Categories Of Measurement Error Which Affect Spread 影響分布的測(cè)量誤差 Repeatability Reproducibility Precision Resolu