【正文】 done had done has / have been doing had been doing will have done 時(shí)態(tài) 被 動(dòng) 語態(tài) 一般將來時(shí) 過去將來時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過去時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過去完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 將來完成時(shí) will be done would be done is/am/are done was/were done is/am/are being done was/were being done has/have been done had been done will have been done 一 、 主語 主語可以用下面這些形式表示： 1. The sun rises in the east. （ ） 2. He likes dancing. （ ） 3. Two will be enough.( ) 4. Seeing is believing. （ ） 6. To see is to believe. （ ） 7. When to hold the meeting has not been decided yet. ( ) 8. What he needs is a book. （ ） 9. It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （ ） 名詞 代詞 數(shù)詞 動(dòng)名詞 不定式 疑問詞 +不定式 從句 It作形式主語， that從句是真正的主語 當(dāng) 不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句 在某個(gè)句子中作主語時(shí)，為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)前后平衡，避免頭重腳輕，因此常用 it作形式主語 置于 句首 ，而將真正的主語放在句尾。 系動(dòng)詞 3）表像系動(dòng)詞，用來表示 看起來像 這一概念，主要有 seem, appear, look, 例如： He looks tired. He seems (to be) very sad. 4）感官系動(dòng)詞，主要有 feel, smell, sound, taste This flower smells very sweet. 5）變化系動(dòng)詞，表示主語變成什么樣，主要有bee, grow, turn, fall, get, go, e He became mad after that. 6）終止系動(dòng)詞，表示主語已終止動(dòng)作，主要有prove, turn out The rumor proved false. 這謠言證實(shí)有假。 ?He is small but he is clever. ?The red pen is useful for the teacher. ?He painted the wall white yesterday. 5. (num.)數(shù)詞 表示數(shù)目或順序。此時(shí)it只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無詞義。通常由 ____ 充當(dāng) .動(dòng)詞常分為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 ,連系動(dòng)詞 ,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞 . 動(dòng)詞 △ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 和 助動(dòng)詞 不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語 ,必須和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語 . They can speak English well. They are playing over there. 1）狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞，用來表示主語狀態(tài)，只有 be一詞 He is a teacher. 2）持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞，用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有 keep, remain, stay He always kept silent at meeting. 他開會(huì)時(shí)總保持沉默。 ?There are ten apples on the table and I wil