【正文】 者的注意力較多的集中在建筑工程、市政工程和交通工程建設中的巖土工程問題。（5） 土木工程防災防災減災工程及防護工程是土木工程學科中的邊緣學科，對我國實施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略有著重要作用。這些就是我對土木這個專業(yè)的感受與體會。從運量來區(qū)分，地鐵的運輸量最大，單向每小時可運送4萬至6萬人次，輕軌可運送2萬至3萬人次，有軌電車的運量最小，只有1萬人次。按照工程建設階段劃分，工作內(nèi)容可以分為：巖土工程勘察、巖土工程設計、巖土工程治理、巖土工程監(jiān)測、巖土工程檢測。橋梁美學作為時代、民族的文化在某些方面的反映，將愈來愈受到人們的重視：橋梁的面貌將蔚為大觀。自從有了鐵路以后，橋梁所承受的載重逐倍增加，線路的坡度和曲線標準要求又高，且需要建成鐵路網(wǎng)以增大經(jīng)濟效益，因此，為要跨越更大更深的江河、峽谷，迫使橋梁向大跨度發(fā)展。17世紀中葉，伽利略開始對結構進行定量分析，被認為是土木工程進入近代的標志。2. 英文簡介 Civil engineering，profession of designing and executing structural works that serve the general public, including bridges, canals, dams, harbors, lighthouses, roads, tunnels, environmental works and so on .The modern field includes power plants, aircraft and airports, chemicalprocessing plants, and watertreatment facilities. Civil engineering today involves structural design and analysis, construction, and facilities maintenance. The design of engineering works requires the application of design theory from many fields (., hydraulics, thermodynamics, nuclear physics). Research in structural analysis and the technology of materials such as steel and concrete has opened the way for new concepts and greater economy of materials. The engineer39。s analysis of a building problem determines the structural system to be used. Civil engineering is the planning，design，construction, and management of the built environment．This environment includes all structures built according to scientific principles，from irrigation and drainage systems to rocketlaunching facilities. Civil engineers build roads，bridges，tunnels，dams，harbors，power plants，water and sewage systems，hospitals，schools，mass transit，and other public facilities essential to modern society and large population concentrations．They also build privately owned facilities such as airports, railroads，pipelines,