【正文】 If you need threads that are deeper, machine tap them first and handtap them to finished depth. If you tap deeper than x the hole diameter, your chances of breaking the tap increase dramatically. Chip control bees a problem. When tapping blind holes, always drill as deep as possible to avoid packing chips below the tap. Using a spiral flute tap will bring the chips up, out of the hole. To further reduce tapping headaches, make sure all holes to be tapped are free of chips, and use a tapping fluid specifically designed for the type of material you are cutting. TIP: Tap drill size is the size of the hole required for a specific tap. For 75% effective threads the formula that will determine the correct drill size is: D – 1/N, whereD = major diameter of the tap and N = number of threads per inch A tapped hole with 75% of thread depth has only 5% less strength than 100% thread and takes only 1/3 of the cutting force of a 100% thread. END MILL An end mill is shaped similar to a drill, but with a flat bottom. It is used primarily to cut with the side of the tool to contour the shape of a workpiece. TIP: Programming an end mill to cut contour or pocket tool paths using cutter pensation (G41 and G42) allows you much more flexibility in adjusting the size of machined features. Using cutter pensation allows you to adjust the amount of stock removal. As an end mill wears, minor offset adjustments allow you to make every part the same size. You may also use a different size end and have the machine cut the same part features as with the end mill originally programmed for that tool path. BULL END MILLA bull end mill is the same as a regular end mill except that there is a radius on the corner where the flutes meet the bottom of the end mill. This radius can be any size up to onehalf of the tool39。對(duì)于鉆尖角為：118度135度141度鉆頭直徑乘以： 使用這些常量可計(jì)算鉆尖長度，誤差只有千分之幾英寸。其加工速度超過G85，但通常會(huì)在孔的圓柱形表面上產(chǎn)生螺旋痕跡。主要使用刀具側(cè)面切削，加工工件的輪廓。由于球能夠在表面上滾動(dòng)，因此球銑刀可用于切削任何此類表面。不含鐵金屬比較軟，容易切削，但鎳與鈦除外。外切削邊緣會(huì)在鉆頭開始切削之前接觸錐形壁面。端銑刀的槽越多，槽的尺寸越小或者越窄。適合非常高的加工溫度，最高可達(dá)800℃，這是其非常適合不使用冷卻劑的高速加工場合。然后再鉆孔。選擇刀具時(shí)下一步需要考慮的是切削的材料。這使得刀尖的形狀正好為球形。為了進(jìn)一步減少攻絲的困難，應(yīng)確保所有需要攻絲的孔內(nèi)沒有切屑，并使用專用于所加工材料的攻絲液。提示：擴(kuò)孔的余量取決于孔徑。在測量刀具長度偏移時(shí)，所測量的是鉆頭及其頭部的長度。 A blind hole is not cut entirely through a workpiece. Quite often, an engineering blueprint will specify a drilled hole to be drilled to full diameter depth. This means that the hole diameter must be a specified depth without regard to the angled tip of the drill. When you measure your tool length offset, you are measuring the length of the drill and its tip. So how deep do you drill the hole so that the full diameter depth is correct? Well, you need to know how long the drill point is. TIP: The length of the drill point is determined by the tool point angle and the drill diameter. You can calculate the length of the drill point by multiplying the drill diameter by a constant。盲孔是指沒有完全貫穿工件的孔。擴(kuò)孔鉆可使孔徑公差達(dá)到極小范圍，并可獲得極高的表面質(zhì)量。切屑控制較為困難。在加工硬質(zhì)材料時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)端銑刀的尖角容易碎裂，而且磨損速度比圓鼻端銑刀更快。在銑削幫助頁面上，可求解三個(gè)方程：1. SFM = (刀具直徑[英寸]) * RPM * / 122. (切屑載荷[英寸]) = (進(jìn)給速度[英寸/分]) / RPM / 槽數(shù)3. (進(jìn)給速度[英寸/分]) = RPM / (螺距)在使用這三個(gè)方程時(shí)，您可輸入已知參數(shù)，控制設(shè)備將計(jì)算剩余的未知數(shù)。硬質(zhì)合金嵌齒刀具非常適合大批量生產(chǎn)場合，因?yàn)槊恳粋€(gè)嵌齒上都有多個(gè)切削邊。其優(yōu)點(diǎn)在