【正文】
的 IgE受體 ? 屬于酶偶聯(lián)受體,它們自身不具備蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性; ? 非受體型的 Src家族蛋白酪氨酸激酶和 ZAP70家族蛋白酪氨酸激酶是這一類受體的直接信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)分子。 ? 影響細(xì)胞可以對(duì)外源信息做出特異性反應(yīng)的因素包括:細(xì)胞間信息分子的濃度、相應(yīng)受體的分布與含量、細(xì)胞內(nèi)信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)分子的種類和含量等。 ? 常見的酶偶聯(lián)受體: ? 受體型蛋白酪氨酸激酶( receptors tyrosine kinases,RTKs) ? 蛋白酪氨酸激酶偶聯(lián)受體( tyrosine kinasecoupled receptors, TKCRs) ? 受體型蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶( receptors tyrosine phosphatases, RTPs) ? 受體型蛋白絲 /蘇氨酸激酶( receptors serine/threonine kinase, RSTK) ? 受體型鳥苷酸環(huán)化酶( receptors guanylate cyclases,RGCs) ? 酶偶聯(lián)受體大部分是生長(zhǎng)因子和細(xì)胞因子的受體,它們所介導(dǎo)的信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路主要是那些調(diào)節(jié)蛋白質(zhì)的功能和表達(dá)水平、調(diào)節(jié)細(xì)胞增殖和分化。 ? 酶偶聯(lián)受體種類繁多,但是以具有 PTK活性和與 PTK偶聯(lián)的受體居多。 ? 細(xì)胞內(nèi)的信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)具有通用性;細(xì)胞內(nèi)一些信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)分子和信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路需要為不同的受體所共用,但是各種細(xì)胞又有其特殊的方式嚴(yán)格控制信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)的特異性流向。 ? 下游分子包括 PLCγ、 MAPK家族的活化,并有多種銜接蛋白參與。? Classification of phosphatase according to the Amino acid sequence in active center ?Ser/Thr phosphatase ?Tyr phosphatase ?Dual specificity Ⅱ . G protein/small G protein ? guanine nucleotide binding protein, G protein(鳥苷酸結(jié)合蛋白)亦稱 GTP結(jié)合蛋白 a signal molecule in various pathways, functioning differently in different cells ? Two forms of G protein G protein binding with GTP: its active form GTP hydrolysed to GDP: inactive form ? 2 types of G protein : ? Heterotrimer G protein:( Gα) ,β,γ(Gβγ) binding with receptor with 7 transmembrane dormains, ? Small G protein (21kD) 1. Heterotrimer G protein mediated receptor signal directly Gα Gβγ Multiple Sites αsubunit with GTPase act. Binding site with receptor Bingding site withβγsubunits GDP/GTP binding site Binding with dwonstream molecules formed a plex with Gα,localized in Βγregulate targeted protein directlyin mammalian The activation/deactivation cycle for hormonally stimulated adenylate cyclase ? G proteincoupled receptors, GPCRs Ligand GPCRs –G protein( AC,PLC… )cell function The role of PIP2 in intracellular signaling 2. Ras surperfamily: important signal molecules ? Small G protein ( 21kD), functioning as switch ? Ras is a first di