【正文】 電源電路 .................................................................................................................................. 11 . 紅外線監(jiān)控報(bào)警總電路 ................................................................................................................ 12 ................................................................................................ 13 紅外線探測(cè)報(bào)警器系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu) ....................................................................................................... 13 紅外線探測(cè)報(bào)警器系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) ................................................................................................... 13 避免紅外探測(cè)器誤報(bào)警和漏報(bào)警的措施 ....................................................................................... 13 避免誤報(bào)警 ........................................................................................................................... 13 避免漏報(bào)警 ........................................................................................................................... 14 6．芯片介紹 ............................................................................................................................................ 15 集成運(yùn)放的概述 ............................................................................................................................... 15 集成運(yùn)放的特點(diǎn) ................................................................................................................... 15 集成運(yùn)放的傳輸特性 ........................................................................................................... 15 芯片一： LM358 ................................................................................................................................ 15 芯片概述 ............................................................................................................................... 15 芯片特點(diǎn) ............................................................................................................................... 16 電氣特性 ............................................................................................................................... 16 芯片二： LM393 ............................................................................................................................... 17 芯片概述 ............................................................................................................................... 17 .............................................................................................................................. 17 ................................................................................................................................................ 18 參考文獻(xiàn) ： ................................................................................................................................................ 19 致 謝 .................................................................................................................................................... 20 附圖 ............................................................................................................................................................... 21 1 近年來，隨著改革開放的深入發(fā)展，人民的生活水平有了很大提高。 該報(bào)警器能探測(cè)人體發(fā)出的紅外線，當(dāng)人進(jìn)入報(bào)警器的監(jiān)視區(qū)域內(nèi)，即可發(fā)出報(bào)警聲，適用于家庭、辦公室、倉庫、實(shí)驗(yàn)室等比較重要場(chǎng)合防盜報(bào)警。 GSM 防盜報(bào)警器是利用主機(jī)，通過無線或則有線連接各類探測(cè)器，實(shí)現(xiàn)防盜報(bào)警功能。本系統(tǒng)采用了人體熱釋電紅外傳感器，在人體探測(cè)器領(lǐng)域中，被動(dòng)式熱釋電紅外探測(cè)器因其價(jià)格低廉、制作簡(jiǎn)單、成本低，安裝比較方便，防盜性能比較穩(wěn)定，靈敏度高、安全可靠等特點(diǎn)，備受廣大家庭用戶的歡迎。自發(fā)極化的鐵電體平時(shí)靠捕捉大氣中的浮游電荷保持平衡狀態(tài)。由于加電極化的電壓是有極性的，因此極化后的探測(cè)元也是有正、負(fù)極性的 。這和駐極體話筒中采用場(chǎng)效應(yīng)管進(jìn)行阻抗變換的作用很相似，其中電阻 R：是用來釋放場(chǎng)效應(yīng)管的柵極電荷， 5 使其正常工作的。 （ 6）合理 的位置， 應(yīng)盡量探測(cè)范圍內(nèi)不得有隔屏、家具、大型盆景或其他隔離物；在同一個(gè)空間最好不要安裝兩個(gè)無線紅外探測(cè)器，以避免發(fā)生因同時(shí)觸發(fā)而干擾的現(xiàn)象；紅外探測(cè)器應(yīng)與室內(nèi)的行走線呈一定的角度，探測(cè)器對(duì)于徑向移動(dòng)反應(yīng)最不敏感，而對(duì)于切向 (即與半徑垂直的方向 )移動(dòng)則最為敏感。紅外光線越是靠進(jìn)同心環(huán)光線越集中而且越強(qiáng)。 負(fù)菲涅爾透鏡： 和正焦菲涅爾透鏡剛好相反，焦點(diǎn)和光線在同一側(cè)，通常在其表面進(jìn)行涂層，作為第一反射面使用。 圖 12 電源電路 12 . 紅外線監(jiān)控報(bào)警 總 電路 圖 13 紅外線監(jiān)控報(bào)警 器總 電路 總結(jié)： 該電路由紅外線傳感器、信號(hào)放大電路、電壓比較器、延時(shí)電路和音響報(bào)警電路等組成。布防前，關(guān)上窗戶和門避免空氣對(duì)流引起物體瓢動(dòng)而造成誤報(bào)警。它的增益高，輸入電阻大，輸出電阻低，共模抑制比高，失調(diào)與飄移小，而且還具有輸入電壓為零時(shí)輸出電壓亦為零的特點(diǎn)，適用于正，負(fù)兩種極性信號(hào)的輸入和輸出。 LM393 系列可直接與 TTL 及 CMOS 邏輯電路接口。此外這個(gè)電路設(shè)計(jì)了一分鐘的報(bào)警延時(shí)，不然報(bào)警器感應(yīng)到有人就只響一下，離開后就立刻不響了，可能警衛(wèi)人員還沒來得及發(fā)覺小偷就溜走了，通過接一個(gè)電阻和電容，使報(bào)警時(shí)間延時(shí)一分鐘，達(dá)到了報(bào)警的效果 ，改變電阻和電容的值可以改變延時(shí)的時(shí)間 。s Pink Revolution, an annual campaign that seeks to raise awareness and funds for breast cancer research, the hotel recently announced. A major sponsor of the campaign for three years in a row, Conrad Macao has pledged to donate a portion of its proceeds to the fund, includ ing those collected from selling its popular bear and rubber duck merchandise, in limited pink editions. Pink is the theme for floral arrangements and decorations in the hotel in October. In addition, on Fridays that month, members of the management and staff will add something pink to their uniforms, regular s and handwritten guest cards. Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women in Hong Kong and is also of significant concern in Macao and around the world, regardless of age, general manager Bede Barry said in a statement. The hotel has enlisted the support of a number of international and local celebrities to help drive the cause, including South Korean actor Jung Suk Won. This year, a lucky guest who stays at the hotel during the campaign and also donates money for the cause will win a necklace specially designed by Arte Madrid, a Spanish jewelry brand. Women should strive to balance quality of work and life, and have children at a young age. As a doctor I see much suffering because of this imbalance. Xiao Ying, 36, works for a large law firm. Her job means lots of travel, a heavy caseload and a large number of meetings, so her schedule is hectic. She has been pregnant twice, but had abortions on both occasions because she felt her busy, highpressure career wasn39。 在 實(shí)際的 調(diào)試過程中，發(fā)現(xiàn)可調(diào)電位器那部分的電路調(diào)不了，這樣好難使這個(gè)電路起到真正的報(bào)警作用，一開始我以為是電位器壞了，也更換了幾次，但還是老問題，經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)那部分電路的一個(gè)二極管用錯(cuò)了，那里應(yīng)該用一個(gè)穩(wěn)壓管的，把電源出來的電壓穩(wěn)定在一個(gè)數(shù)值，然后再通過可調(diào)電位器調(diào)節(jié)那個(gè)基準(zhǔn)電壓，傳感器感應(yīng)到微弱的信號(hào)放大后輸送到電壓比較器的反相端，用示波器