【正文】 gnificent building, destroyed, yesterday are superordinate terms, which are paratively much more general than the news says, Royal Hotel, burnt down, last night respectively in 4, which can be described as subordinates. Since 4 is clearer than 3 in meaning, it is better. Semantic field 3. Group 1 is synonymously semantic field and Group 2 is semantic filed. The difference lies: In 1 the words are synonyms, none of them covers the meaning of another, and they differ only in style and emotive values. In 2 the words are not synonyms, but each refers to a specific type of horse. Horse is a cover term or superordinate, and others are subordinates. These terms have no difference in style or affective meaning. 【 Chapter 7】 4. 1) extension 2) extension 3) narrowing 4) degradation 5) elevation 6) narrowing 7) extension 8) extension 9) narrowing 10) elevation 11) narrowing 12) degradation 13) degradation 14) degradation 5. a. associated transfer b. abstract to concrete c. abstract to concrete d. abstract to concrete e. abstract to concrete f. abstract of concrete g. associated transfer h. associated transfer i. synesthesia j. synesthesia 6. a. objective b. subjective, objective c. objective d. subjective e. subjective f. subjective g. subjective h. subjective, objective 7. a. die b. graveyard c. bedlam 瘋?cè)嗽? d. old people e. strike f. Policeman g. stupid pupil h. poor people i. toilet j. fat person k. unemployed mother 【 Chapter 8】 2. a. to repair b. measurement and determination of one’s position c. predicament d. injection a. a single plete dividing part (of a rocket) b. the theatre or acting as a profession c. a particular point or period in a process of development d. to plan, arrange and carry out a. interchange and discussion of ideas, esp. for mutual understanding or harmony b. conversation c. a written conversation (of a play, etc.) 3. a. synonym b. explanation/ definition c. antonym d. example e. relevant details f. relevant details g. relevant details 4. a. stop people drinking stop drinking by themselves b. a stone house which is big a house built of big stones c. a picture possessed by Betty a photograph of Betty d. aunts who are visiting paying a visit to aunts e. take Jane as his wife preside over Jane’s wedding f. a weapon that can fly over long distance and that it explodes when it hits the thing it aims at an object that is thrown at somebody in order to hurt him 【 Chapter 9】 6. a—2) b—9) c—3) d—6) e—1) f—8) g—5) h—4) i—7) j—10) 7. a. stand out against b. approve of c. get … over with d. looking into e. e up with f. ply with g. cashed in on h. go without i. to profit by / from j. dut down … to 8. a cool cat = a really calm person blow one39。 d i rec t ors o f a co mp an yb oard Homonymy 4. 1) Make both ends meat is a parody of make both ends meet which means “have enough money for one’s needs”. Here the butcher cleverly uses the pair of homonyms meat and meet to make a pun. It makes a proper answer to the lady’s question. (1) Butchers cannot make both ends meat (make whole sausages with all meat) because they cannot make both ends meet (If they made sausages with all meat, which is more costly, they would not earn enough money to survive.)( 2) Don’t plain. All the butchers do the same. I am not the only one who is making sausages with bread. 2) Swallow is a bird which is seen in summer. But by one swallow we see, we cannot deduce that it is already summer time. Swallow can also mean a mouthful of wine. On a cold winter day, if one has a swallow of wine, one may feel warm. 3) arms has two meanings: weapons。 g. 子為人之父。 ≠ bottle up. That means blurt is a verb followed by object or object clause, or by direct quote (直接引語