【正文】 ion people who you would prefer not to be reviewers ? Waiting…the hard part! ? Give the reviewers and editor time to do their work ? If the time seems excessive, inquire politely 26 Manuscript Decision Accept as submitted Celebrate wildly! Tell your Supervisor! Call the Nobel Foundation! Revise and resubmit Take a deep breath! Read all ments carefully Revise the paper Write response letter Resubmit Reject Rant and rave! Take a deep breath! Read all ments carefully Revise the paper Submit elsewhere Dealing with journals 27 Dealing with journals Response letters with resubmissions [Google search: how to respond to manuscript reviewers yielded 2 million hits] ? DON’T WRITE IN ANGER! DON’T ATTACK THE EDITOR OR REVIEWERS! ? Common elements of response letters ? Express appreciation for the reviewer’s time and effort ? Answer every point every reviewer makes ? Indicate where revisions have been made and their nature ? Organize your responses (possibly parallel columns) ? Categories of response to reviewer ments ? I see the reviewer’s point and have revised the ms. in the following way…“ ? I do not agree with the reviewer, for the following reason(s), and have left the original wording….“ ? I don39。s name and the title of the journal ? Include manuscript details (title, word count, numbers of figures and tables) ? BRIEFLY, tell why the paper is worth publishing (importance, novelty, surprisingness, robustness) ? Remend preferred, nonpreferred reviewers: Tap your work ? Affirm the paper is not under consideration elsewhere ? Affirm conformity with ethical requirements (use available protocols) ? Acknowledge potential conflicts of interest ? Include contact information for corresponding author 24 Dealing with journals Submission cover letters ? Potential problem areas to avoid ? Using a form letter ? “Dear editor” (editors have names!) ? “Your honored journal” (it has a title!) ? Including too much information about the content of the paper (don’t copyandpaste the abstract!) ? Leaving out administrative and mechanical details (help the editor manage the manuscript!) ? Using an obsequious, pleading tone (respect yourself and your work!) 25 Dealing with journals Dealing with the review process ? Initial contacts ? It39?！?“fotograph” for “photograph”) ? Typos: missing letters, letters in the wrong order, added letters ? A word may be correct in one context and misspelled in another ? Spell checkers will not catch those! 35 Some mon writing and style issues Mostly language (grammar, syntax, and spelling) problems ? Figures of speech, slang, allusions, idioms, neologisms ? Figures of speech: metaphors, similes – intrinsically ambiguous ? Example: “Replication is the lifeblood of science” ? In what ways might this be true or false? ? Slang: ambiguous, because it depends on time and place ? Allusions: ambiguous, because they assume relevant knowledge ? Idioms: ambiguous, because they are often culturallydependent ? Neologisms: invented words not easily understood ? Undefined abbreviations, acronyms 36 Some mon writing and style issues Mostly style problems ? Reference citation placement – often unclear connections to content ? Reference formats – in the text, in the reference list ? Paragraph indentation – usually at least a centimeter ? Hedged words (in quotation marks) – lead to ambiguous readings ? Inclusive, nonsexist language – being the mon usage ? Text justification – prefer flushleft ? Nested, backtoback parentheses – generally, don’t use this format ? Numbers to begin sentences use number words 37 Some mon writing and style issues Mostly logical problems ? Problem words: cause, prove ? Anthropomorphizing nouns (., “the results found that…”) ? Pilot study vs. pretest ? Ambiguous synonyms – use the same word for the same concept 38 General tips for improving your writing Writers write It isn’t easy for anyone! …even native speakers …even professional writers YOU ARE IN GOOD COMPANY! Build regular, specific writing time into your schedule Outlines help keep your writing projects on track If it39。 “it”