【正文】 ；自動(dòng)控制；熱釋電 2 Abstract Currently light intelligent control systems are not efficiently used in the classroom. In order to improve the system, based on control and current methods of how to keep control， developing intelligent classroom light control system and developed the hardware and software system. This classroom light intelligent control system the theory of the light put forward methods ofon the basis of AT89C52 is developed, which machine of AT89C52 is a major part, and the environment of development is better than before. This system can satisfy the following functions, such as controlling the circuit of illumination, testing and processing daylight signal, testing and processing the signal of human body that illuminates the back track exists, reporting to the warning devices, order to satisfy these functions, the system adopted the homologous methods respectively, and to the gearing of the system, analyzing how to install， test and run the system. The microcontroller software was developed based on assemble language. Assemble language is one kind of structured program languages, it has more advantages than other highlevel languages. Assemble language adopts building block design. Its monality is very good and easy to improve and expand. It could be used to develop larger 一 scale system with more perfect performance. At the same time, the antijamming technologies, such as watchdog, are necessary when developing hardware and software. This system had many advantages. For example, the physical volume was small， the system was conveniently controlled, the credibility was high, the appropriation was strong, and its price proportion was ideal,etc. The experiment proved that the system can satisfy the control mand of the classroom39。 s light device, so it could largely reduce the consuming of energy resources. Key words: Human body, infrared ray, sensor, automatic control， heat to release the electricity1. 3 本課題研究的意義 隨著當(dāng)今社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和科學(xué)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，我們的生活水平也在不斷的快速提高，致使用電負(fù)荷的日益加劇，而當(dāng)今世界全球性的能源危機(jī)，能源缺乏已成為全世界所面臨的嚴(yán)峻問(wèn)題。根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù) 顯示，居民入住有節(jié)能裝置的 4 房子時(shí)，他們要支付比沒(méi)有節(jié)能方案房屋高出 8%的費(fèi)用。再者，每所院校不斷的擴(kuò)招，室內(nèi)不斷的擴(kuò)建，若再?zèng)]有改進(jìn)室內(nèi)的用電管理設(shè)備，那么用 電負(fù)荷可想而知，浪費(fèi)的電能就更驚人了。 制模塊的硬件設(shè)計(jì) 考慮到本系統(tǒng)所安裝的環(huán)境影響因素比較多，且室內(nèi)控制設(shè)備中的人體存在傳感器、光敏電阻等經(jīng)常會(huì)因環(huán)境情形變化而不穩(wěn)定，所以在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，電子元器件的選用、線路布置和設(shè)備的安放要充分考慮到抗干擾問(wèn)題。常見(jiàn)的環(huán)境光采集器件光電傳感器有光敏二極管和光敏電阻，根據(jù)需求，選用靈敏度適中的光敏電阻。人體存在傳感器的熱釋電紅外探頭的工作原理及特性如下 :人體都有恒定的體溫， 一般在 37 度，所以會(huì)發(fā)出特定波長(zhǎng)10M? 左右的紅外線，被動(dòng)式紅外探頭就靠探測(cè)人體發(fā)射的10?左右的紅外線而進(jìn)行工作的。 14 圖 繼電器驅(qū)動(dòng)電路圖 4 控制模塊軟件設(shè)計(jì)與開(kāi)發(fā) 系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控主程序模塊 監(jiān)控程序按模塊分為監(jiān)控主程序和命令處理子程序。環(huán)境溫度和人體溫度接近時(shí)，探測(cè)和靈敏度明顯下降，有時(shí)還會(huì)造成短時(shí)失靈。 18 系統(tǒng)鍵功能 鍵功能處理 程序 在執(zhí)行完鍵盤(pán)采集工作后，如果有鍵按下，程序轉(zhuǎn)入鍵處理功能程序。 Vss: 地 Vcc: 源電壓 RESET: 位輸出 X5045 在讀寫(xiě)操作之前，需要先向它發(fā)出指令，指令名及指令格式