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畢業(yè)論文-基于at89s52單片機(jī)的水溫控制器設(shè)計(jì)(留存版)

  

【正文】 6P 167P 178P 0039P 0138P 0237P 0336P 0435P 0534P 0633P 0732P 2021P 2122P 2223P 2324P 2425P 2526P 2627P 2728P S E N29A L E /P30T X D11R X D10U2+C410 U FV C CR310KV C CA T 8 9S 5 2V C C112234S W 5SWPB(雙) 圖 3- 1 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng) 圖 8 鍵盤電路 鍵盤是單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)中的主要輸入設(shè)備,單片機(jī)使用的鍵盤分為編碼鍵盤和非編碼鍵盤。 本系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方案和步驟如下 : 電源 單片機(jī)AT89S52 數(shù)碼管顯示 繼電器 溫度傳感器 DS18B20 報(bào)警 鍵盤 指示燈 6 (1) 根據(jù)需求按照系統(tǒng)的功能要求,逐級(jí)劃分模塊。 結(jié)論 ........................................................ 27 3 摘 要 本系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)可以用于熱水器溫度控制系統(tǒng)和飲水機(jī)等各種電器電路中。它以單片機(jī) AT89S52 為核心,通過數(shù)碼管顯示溫度和語(yǔ)音提示實(shí)現(xiàn)人機(jī)對(duì)話,使用溫度轉(zhuǎn)換芯片 DS18B20 實(shí)時(shí)采集溫度并通過數(shù)碼管顯示,并提供各種運(yùn)行指示燈用來(lái)指示系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在所處狀態(tài),如:溫度設(shè)置、加熱、停止加熱等,整個(gè)系統(tǒng)通過四個(gè)按鍵來(lái)設(shè)置加熱溫度和控制運(yùn)行模式。 (4) 按照開發(fā)式軟件設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu),將各模塊有機(jī)的結(jié)合起來(lái),即成一個(gè)較完善的系統(tǒng)。非編碼鍵盤僅僅提供鍵開關(guān)狀態(tài),由程序來(lái)識(shí)別閉合鍵,消除抖動(dòng),產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的代碼,轉(zhuǎn)入執(zhí)行該鍵的功能程序。其DS18B20的管腳配置和封裝結(jié)構(gòu)如圖 34所示 。 ① DS18B20的復(fù)位時(shí)序,如圖 35 圖 35 DS18B20 的復(fù)位時(shí)序圖 ② DS18B20的讀時(shí)序 對(duì)于 DS18B20的讀時(shí)序分為讀 0時(shí)序和讀 1時(shí)序兩個(gè)過程。此外,在單總線上可以并聯(lián)多個(gè) DS18B20,而且如果它們?nèi)坎?用外部電源工作方式,那么通過發(fā)出相應(yīng)的命令便可以同時(shí)完成溫度變換。繼電器控制接點(diǎn)操作說(shuō)明如下: ● COM: Common,共同點(diǎn)。所有時(shí)序都是將主機(jī)作為主設(shè)備,而每一次命令和數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸都是從主機(jī)主動(dòng)啟動(dòng)寫時(shí)序開始,如果要求單總線器件回送數(shù)據(jù),在進(jìn)行寫命令后,主機(jī)需啟動(dòng)讀時(shí) 序完成數(shù)據(jù)接收。跳過 ROM 匹配 LCALL WRITE_1820 MOV A,0BEH 。 硬件與軟件調(diào)試相結(jié)合,仔細(xì)檢查各個(gè)模塊的設(shè)計(jì),舊能順利完成任務(wù),實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)要求,在調(diào)試過程中必須認(rèn)真耐心,不能有一點(diǎn)馬虎,否則遺漏一個(gè)小的問題就會(huì)導(dǎo)致整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)的失敗。 27 參考文獻(xiàn) [l] 樂建波 編著《溫度控制系統(tǒng)》化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社 [2] [美 ]Ken 《數(shù)字音頻原理及應(yīng)用》 .蘇菲 .第 4 版 .北京 :電子工業(yè)出版社, 2021,2 [3] 謝自美 編著 《電子線路設(shè)計(jì) s time for the wild fruits to ripe. The picturesque Arxan in Autumn is indeed a fairyland only exists in a dream that satisfies all your fantasies. If it rains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu, or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky Way. Most Chinese remember 30 being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. This year it falls on Saturday, August 2. Folklore Story As the story goes, once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sisterinlaw. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for pany. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth in bovine form. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth. Among them was Zhinu, the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and daughter and their happy life was held up as an example for hundreds of years in China. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinu back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinu had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulang39。 最后,我要感謝我的指導(dǎo)老師李莉老師,在整個(gè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)過程中,不辭辛勞的為我找資料,為我細(xì)心的指導(dǎo)、講解各種問題。 。如果能注意這些問題,電路基本不會(huì)出錯(cuò)。DS18B20 已經(jīng)被檢測(cè)到 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!跳過 ROM 匹配 LCALL WRITE_1820 MOV A,44H 。操作協(xié)議為:初始化 DS18B20(發(fā)復(fù)位脈沖) → 發(fā) ROM功能命令 → 發(fā)存儲(chǔ)器操作命令 → 處理數(shù)據(jù) DS18B20雖然具有測(cè)溫系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)單、測(cè)溫精度高、連接方便、占用口線少等優(yōu)點(diǎn), DS18B20必須首先調(diào)用啟 動(dòng)溫度轉(zhuǎn)換函數(shù),根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)手冊(cè)上對(duì)應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)間來(lái)超作,如為 12位轉(zhuǎn)換,則應(yīng)該是最大 750mS,另外在對(duì) DS18B20超作時(shí),時(shí)序要求非常嚴(yán)格,因此最好禁止系統(tǒng)中斷。當(dāng)程序進(jìn)入報(bào)警子程序時(shí),把 0,就會(huì)觸發(fā)蜂鳴器,為了使報(bào)警聲音效果更好,對(duì) , 發(fā)出報(bào)警 嘟嚕 聲音。第一種方法是發(fā)生溫度變換時(shí),在 DQ 線上提供一強(qiáng)的上拉,這期間單總線上不能有其它的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。( 2)除了 DS18B20發(fā)送 0的時(shí)間段,其他時(shí)間其輸出口自動(dòng)截止。 ℃ 。 在按鍵兩端并聯(lián)一個(gè)電解電容,濾除交流干擾,增加系統(tǒng)抗干擾能力。 5 第二章 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) 硬件總體設(shè)計(jì) 設(shè)計(jì)并制作一個(gè)基于單片機(jī)的熱水器溫度控制系統(tǒng) 的電路,其結(jié)構(gòu)框圖如圖 21: 圖 2- 1 系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)框圖 硬件系統(tǒng)子模塊 (1) 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng)電路部分 (2) 鍵盤掃描電路部分 (3) 數(shù)碼管溫度顯示和運(yùn)行指示燈電路部分 (4) 溫度采集電路部分 (5) 繼電器控制部分 (6) 報(bào)警部分 軟件總體設(shè)計(jì) 良好的設(shè)計(jì)方案可以減少軟件設(shè)計(jì)的工作量,提高軟件的通用性,擴(kuò)展性和可讀性。 參考文獻(xiàn) ..................................... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 溫度控制系統(tǒng)可以說(shuō)是無(wú)所不在 , 熱水器系統(tǒng)、空調(diào)系統(tǒng)、冰箱、電飯煲、電風(fēng)扇等家電產(chǎn)品以至手持式高速高效的計(jì)算機(jī)和電子設(shè)備,均需要提供溫度控制 功能。 首先接通電源系統(tǒng)開始工作,系統(tǒng)開始工作后,通過按鍵設(shè)定溫度值的上限值和下限值,確定按鍵將設(shè)定的溫度值存儲(chǔ)到指定的地址空間, 溫度傳感器 開始實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè),調(diào)用顯示子程序顯示檢測(cè)結(jié)果,調(diào)用比較當(dāng)前顯示溫度值與開始設(shè)定的溫度值比較,如果當(dāng)前顯示值低于設(shè)定值就通過繼電器起動(dòng)加熱裝置,直到達(dá) 到設(shè)定值停止加熱,之后進(jìn)行保溫 , 如果溫度高于上限進(jìn)行報(bào)警。非編碼鍵盤中鍵的數(shù)量較少,硬件簡(jiǎn)單,在單片機(jī)中應(yīng)用非常廣泛。 11 圖 34 DS18B20 封裝 引腳定義: ① DQ為數(shù)字信號(hào)輸入 /輸出端; ② GND為電源地; ③ VDD為外接供電電源輸入端(在寄生電源接線方式時(shí)接地)。 對(duì)于 DS18B20的讀時(shí)隙是從主機(jī)把單總線拉低之后,在 15秒之內(nèi)就得釋放單總線,以讓 DS18B20把數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)絾慰偩€上。 圖 39 DS18B20 供電方式 2 本設(shè)計(jì)將溫度傳感器 DS18B20與單片機(jī) TXD引腳相連,讀取溫度傳感器的數(shù)值。輸出控制接點(diǎn)的共同接點(diǎn)。數(shù)據(jù)和命令的傳輸都是低位在先。發(fā)出讀溫度命令 LCALL WRITE_1820 LCALL READ_18200 。 24 系統(tǒng)操作說(shuō)明 本系統(tǒng)上電后數(shù)碼管顯示當(dāng)前測(cè)量溫度,此時(shí)加熱指示燈和保溫指示燈均不點(diǎn)亮;若此時(shí)按 “ 自動(dòng)加熱 ” 鍵,則單片機(jī)自動(dòng)將預(yù)加熱溫度設(shè)置為 80℃ 并開始加熱,送出一個(gè)加熱信號(hào),并點(diǎn)亮加熱指示燈;若按“ 溫度設(shè)置 ” 鍵,則進(jìn)入預(yù)加熱溫度設(shè)置界面,此時(shí)數(shù)碼管閃爍顯示預(yù)設(shè)置溫度,此時(shí)通過按鍵 “ + ” 和 “ - ” 進(jìn)行設(shè)置溫度,預(yù)設(shè)置溫度按“5” 遞 增或遞減,設(shè)置好溫度后再按一次 “ 溫度設(shè)置 ” 鍵確定,單片機(jī)保存預(yù)設(shè)置溫度,并開始加熱。 實(shí)驗(yàn) s misery, the cow told him to turn its hide into a pair of shoes after it died. The magic shoes whisked Niulang, who carried his two children in baskets strung from a shoulder pole, off on a chase after the empress. The pursuit enraged the empress, who took her hairpin and slashed it across the sky creating the Milky Way which separated husband from wife. But all was not lost as magpies, moved by their love and devotion, formed a bridge across the Milky Way to reunite the family. Even the Jade Emperor was touched, and allowed Niulang and Zhinu to meet once a year on the seventh night of the seventh month. This is how Qixi came to be. The festival can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (206 BCAD 220). Traditionally, people would look up at the sky and find a bright star in the constellation Aquila as w
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