【正文】 hile. Once, there was something wrong with my drawer and I had plained about it unconsciously. And he fixed it for me. Then the other day。 設(shè)置定時(shí)器 0，選擇方式 1 允許外部中斷 0 關(guān)閉蜂鳴器 點(diǎn)亮綠燈，熄滅 黃燈和紅燈 關(guān)閉安全聯(lián)動(dòng)裝置 結(jié)束 開始 熄滅數(shù)碼管 16 Y N Y N N Y Y 圖 43 報(bào)警子程序流程圖 放大信號(hào)不為零 放大信號(hào)是否為零 信號(hào)采集 開始 消音鍵是否 按下 傳感器是否故障 傳感器故障自診斷 黃燈閃爍 30min 熄滅綠燈 紅燈閃爍 60min 啟動(dòng)換氣扇 蜂鳴器鳴叫 30min 打開調(diào)節(jié)閥 蜂鳴器 繼續(xù)鳴 叫 按鍵掃描子程序 蜂鳴器停止鳴叫 延時(shí) 600s子程序 蜂鳴器鳴叫 60min 數(shù)碼管顯示字符 1 數(shù)碼管顯示字符 0 返回子程序 延時(shí) 20s子程序 17 5 結(jié)論 本文在對(duì)煙霧傳感器和報(bào)警技術(shù)進(jìn)行深入研究的基礎(chǔ)上，詳細(xì)地闡述了基于單片機(jī)控制的煙霧報(bào)警器的設(shè)計(jì)目的和實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。所以在設(shè)計(jì)中，單片機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)繼電器時(shí)，需要并聯(lián)一個(gè)二極管，利用二極管的反向擊穿能力，來消除自激電壓，達(dá)到穩(wěn)定線圈電壓和保護(hù)晶體管的目的。 電路通過三極管基極串連一個(gè)電阻與單片機(jī) 端口連接從而達(dá)到控制蜂鳴器是否報(bào)警。 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換電路 在單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)中，控制或測(cè)量對(duì)象的有關(guān)變量，往往是一些連續(xù)變化的模擬量，如溫度、壓力、流量、位移、速度等物理量。 時(shí)鐘電路如圖 32 所示。在單片機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)的控制功能中，需要單片機(jī)有較快的運(yùn)算速度，使檢測(cè)人員和用戶在報(bào)警器系統(tǒng)正常工作時(shí)能夠及時(shí)地觀測(cè)到實(shí)時(shí)的煙霧濃度等級(jí)，并進(jìn)行相應(yīng)處理。若過一點(diǎn)時(shí)間濃度仍超出報(bào)警限，報(bào)警器會(huì)再次鳴叫提醒用戶。因?yàn)樽兓墓庑盘?hào)可以引起用戶和家庭鄰居的注意，彌補(bǔ)了在嘈雜環(huán)境中聲音報(bào) 警的局限，使得報(bào)警裝置更加完善。 AT89C51 單片機(jī)兼容標(biāo)準(zhǔn) MCS51 指令系統(tǒng)，功能強(qiáng)大，可供許多高性價(jià)比的場(chǎng)合應(yīng)用，能夠靈活應(yīng)用于各種控制領(lǐng)域。一旦發(fā)生火災(zāi)，將對(duì)人的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)造成極大的危害。當(dāng)輸入 A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器的放大信號(hào)不為零時(shí)，啟動(dòng)報(bào)警電路。同時(shí)，若自來水或家庭儲(chǔ)水管道有水，則單片機(jī)調(diào)用延時(shí)子 程序 ,經(jīng)延時(shí) 600s 由單片機(jī)通過繼電器控制調(diào)節(jié)閥進(jìn)行噴水滅火動(dòng)作。 4 在本論文中我們選用 QMN5 半導(dǎo)體傳感器， QMN5 半導(dǎo)體氣體煙 霧傳感器適用于天然氣、煤氣、氫氣、烷類氣體、汽油、煤油、乙炔、氨氣、煙霧等的檢測(cè)，對(duì)可燃性氣體的（ CH C4H H2 等）的檢測(cè)很理想。 圖 31 AT89C51單片機(jī)的基本組成圖 AT89C51 單片機(jī)芯片內(nèi)部設(shè)有一個(gè)由反向放大器構(gòu)成的振蕩器， XTAL1 和 XTAL2分別為振蕩電路的輸入端和輸出端，時(shí)鐘可由內(nèi)部或外部生成，在 XTAL1 和 XTAL2 引腳上外接晶體振蕩器 Y，內(nèi) 部振蕩電路就會(huì)產(chǎn)生自激振蕩。 (3)由于引入了深度電壓串聯(lián)負(fù)反饋，因此電路的輸入阻抗很高，輸出阻抗很低。 （ 3）單電源 +5v供電，基準(zhǔn)電壓由外部提供，典型值為 +5v，此時(shí)允許輸入模擬電壓為 0— 5V。當(dāng)被檢測(cè)到的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)煙霧濃度達(dá)到給定裝置所設(shè)定的報(bào)警預(yù)設(shè)值時(shí)，繼電器 KA1動(dòng)作，自動(dòng)換氣風(fēng)扇啟動(dòng)。 圖 41 主程序流程圖 給傳感器預(yù)熱后，程序開始執(zhí)行初始化子程序，這部分實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能包括各種 I/O口輸入輸出狀態(tài)的設(shè)定、 寄存器初始化、中斷使能等。s time for the wild fruits to ripe. The picturesque Arxan in Autumn is indeed a fairyland only exists in a dream that satisfies all your fantasies. If it rains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu, or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky Way. Most Chinese remember being told this romantic 21 tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. This year it falls on Saturday, August 2. Folklore Story As the story goes, once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sisterinlaw. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for pany. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth in bovine form. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth. Among them was Zhinu, the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and daughter and their happy life was held up as an example for hundreds of years in China. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinu back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinu had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulang39。在此一并感謝！ 大學(xué)三年的時(shí)光轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，在交通學(xué)院的學(xué) 習(xí)和生活是我人生中一段非常寶貴而難忘的經(jīng)歷。 13 123456AB CD654321DCBATitleNumberRevisionSizeBDate:8Jun2011 Sheet of File:D:\Program Files\Design Explorer 99 SE\MyDesign\復(fù)件 bDrawn By:LED2黃燈C8550PNPD1LED3綠燈KA1繼電器5VR847KR2347KC8550PNPD2KA2繼電器R10470Ω5VR2447KR11470ΩPP5VR13470Ω蜂鳴器LED1紅燈C8550PNP5VS2消音按鍵R141KΩR9470ΩP12348～9VBRIDGER12470ΩabfcgdeVCC1234567abcdefg8dpdp9DSPM2調(diào)節(jié)閥5V5V～220 VT+C322uFR11KPPR21KS1手動(dòng)復(fù)位OC1C111D31Q22D42Q53D73Q64D84Q95D135Q126D146Q157D177Q168D188Q19IC374LS373PC130pFPR31KD5Q1CLK3Q2IC6A4013132VVGNDINOUTIC6W7805uFPR71KC230pFPC41000uF3uF123IC5AA74ALS02R41KKA2IN026msb21212220IN12723192418IN2282582615IN312714lsb2817IN42EOC7IN53ADDA25IN64ADDB24ADDC23IN75ALE22ref()16ENABLE9START6ref(+)12CLOCK10IC4ADC0809PY12MHzPEA/VP31X119X218RESET9