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電視廣播大學(xué)水利工程地質(zhì)縮印版考試小抄(留存版)

  

【正文】 etylcholine can be maintained via a hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. This enzyme hydrolyzes acetylcholine into acetic acid and choline. If acetylcholinesterase activity is inhibited, the synaptic concentration of acetylcholine will remain higher than normal. If this inhibition is irreversible, as in the case of exposure to many nerve gases and some pesticides, sweating, bronchial constriction, convulsions, paralysis, and possibly death can occur. Although irreversible inhibition is dangerous, beneficial effects may be derived from transient (reversible) inhibition. Drugs that inhibit acetylcholinesterase in a reversible manner have been shown to improve memory in some people with Alzheimer39。s business development. Rudy Buttignol, president of the public broadcasting pany in British Columbia, Canada, said his work requires frequent travel to Chengdu and the policy makes the trips easier. Data from the city39。 among other major abstract expressionists were such painters as Clyfford Still, Theodoros Stamos, Adolph Gottlieb, Helen Frankenthaler, Lee Krasner, and Esteban Vicente. Abstract expressionism presented a broad range of stylistic diversity within its largely, though not exclusively, nonrepresentational framework. For example, the expressive violence and activity in paintings by de Kooning or Pollock marked the opposite end of the pole from the simple, quiescent images of Mark Rothko. Basic to most abstract expressionist painting were the attention paid to surface qualities, ., qualities of brushstroke and texture。 2)充分條件(力學(xué)條件) 總下滑力大于(>)總抗滑力 或: 總下滑力矩 總抗滑力矩 = K 當(dāng) 1 K,斜坡處于穩(wěn)定狀態(tài);1 K,斜坡處于極限平衡狀態(tài); 1 K,斜坡破壞, 滑體下滑。 含水層巖性或厚度的變化。 ( 16截水槽、混凝土防滲墻、灌 漿帷幕、鋪蓋、回填混凝土、壩基排水) 1. 邊坡工程地質(zhì)問(wèn)題 ( 1) 影響邊坡穩(wěn)定性的因素 影響斜坡穩(wěn)定性的因素主要有巖土類(lèi)型和性質(zhì)、巖體結(jié)構(gòu)和地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、地形地貌條件、水的作用,地震和人類(lèi)工程活動(dòng)。 結(jié)構(gòu):碎屑結(jié)構(gòu)、泥質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)、結(jié)晶狀結(jié)構(gòu)、生物結(jié)構(gòu)。磨圓度好、分選性強(qiáng)、層理 11. 地下水是埋藏在地表以下 巖 土 體 中 的 ________________ 和 ___________________ 中的水。 ②巖石的透水性 巖石的透水性愈好,水就愈容易進(jìn)入巖石內(nèi)部進(jìn)行溶蝕。 烈度 :是指地震發(fā)生后,地面及各建筑物收地震影響的破壞程度。 滲透變形 : 在滲透力作用下發(fā)生的土粒或土體移動(dòng)或滲透破壞現(xiàn)象。 2)刷方減重:清除滑體上部全部或部分巖土體,并可將其堆放在滑體下部的坡腳處。 1 工程地質(zhì)考試題庫(kù) 一、填空題 1. 工程地質(zhì)條件是一綜合概念,主要包括: 地形地貌條件 、 巖土類(lèi)型及其工程性質(zhì) 、 地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、 水文地質(zhì)條件、 物理(自然)地質(zhì)現(xiàn)象 和 天然建筑材料。巖性還制約斜坡變形破壞形式。地震烈度不僅與震級(jí)有關(guān),還與震源深度、震中距之間有著密切的關(guān)系,還與傳播介質(zhì)有著重要的關(guān)系。 ,對(duì)巖石產(chǎn)生機(jī)械的或生物化學(xué)的破壞作用,稱(chēng)為生物風(fēng)化作用。 ( 2)地質(zhì)條件,地質(zhì)構(gòu)造復(fù)雜,巖體破碎,各種自然地質(zhì)作用比較發(fā)育。 斷層 :巖石受力發(fā)生斷裂,斷裂面兩側(cè)巖石存在明顯位移的斷裂構(gòu)造。 滑坡 : 斜坡上的土體或者巖體,受河流沖刷、 地下水 活動(dòng)、雨水浸泡、 地震 及人工切坡等因素影響 ,在 重力 作用下,沿著一定的軟弱面或者軟弱帶,整體地或者分散地順坡向下滑動(dòng)的 自然現(xiàn)象 。電大水利工程地質(zhì)縮印版考試小抄 管涌 :在滲流作用下,土體中的細(xì)顆粒在粗顆粒形成的孔隙中流失的現(xiàn)象稱(chēng)為管涌。 地質(zhì)作用 : 指由于受到某種 能量 (外力、內(nèi)力、人為)的作用,從而引起 地殼 組成物質(zhì)、地殼構(gòu)造、 地表形態(tài)等不斷的變化和形成的作用 。 斷口 :礦物受打擊后,無(wú)固定方向裂開(kāi)并呈各種凹凸不平的斷面的性質(zhì)。 9.泥石流的形成條件是什么? 答: ( 1)地形地貌的條件,溝谷匯水面積較大,地形坡度較陡,地表水能迅速集 中并沿著溝谷急劇泄流的溝谷發(fā)育地區(qū)。 ,分別為 塊狀構(gòu)造、流紋狀構(gòu)造、氣孔狀構(gòu)造及杏仁狀構(gòu)造。烈度( I)是指地震發(fā)生后,地面及各種建筑物受地震影響的破壞程度。在其他條件相同情況下,巖土體越堅(jiān)硬,抗變形能力越強(qiáng),斜坡穩(wěn)定性越好,反之越差。反之,等水位線變稀疏的地方則可能是含水層滲透性變好或厚度增大的地方。 ( 3)滑坡的防治工程措施 滑坡防治的主要工程措施是圍繞著滑坡的形成條件來(lái)開(kāi)展的,主要包括以下四個(gè)方面: 1)排水工程:包括排除地表水(截流排水溝)和地下水(截水盲溝)兩個(gè)方面。 化石 : 由于自然作用在地層中保存下來(lái)的地史時(shí)期生物的遺體、遺跡,以及生物體分解后的有機(jī)物殘余等統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為化石。 造巖礦物 :天然形成的元素單質(zhì)和無(wú)機(jī)化合物稱(chēng)礦 物,組成常見(jiàn)巖石的礦物稱(chēng)造巖礦物。 巖溶發(fā)育的基本條件是有哪些? ①巖石的可溶性 可溶巖的巖性愈純,含易溶組分就愈多,巖溶也愈發(fā)育。侵蝕階地、基座階地和堆積階地 10. 沖積物的顯著特點(diǎn)是 _______、 _________、具有明顯的 ____________ 。 組成物質(zhì)主要有:各種巖石碎屑、造巖礦物和溶解物質(zhì)。 )三、 防滲排水 。黨等水位線圖具有地形等高線時(shí),可首先確定計(jì)算點(diǎn)的地面高程,再根據(jù)等水位線確定其水位值,二者的差值即為該點(diǎn)處潛水面的埋藏深度。 ( 1)滑坡的形成條件同時(shí)具備兩個(gè)方面的條件: 1)必備 條件 19 ①必須具有一個(gè)貫通的滑動(dòng)面或滑動(dòng)帶; ②必須具有與周?chē)笌r分離的貫通的切割面; ③必須具有容許滑坡體下滑堆積的臨空面。s first oneman show in 1948 established him as a highly influential artist. His intensely plicated abstract paintings of the 1940s were followed by images of Woman, grotesque versions of buxom womanhood, which were virtually unparalleled in the sustained savagery of their execution. Painters such as Philip Guston and Franz Kline turned to the abstract late in the 1940s and soon developed strikingly original styles— the former, lyrical and evocative, the latter, forceful and boldly dramatic. Other important artists involved with the movement included Hans Hofmann, Robert Motherwell, and Mark Rothko。s public security bureau shows some 100 foreign visitors enjoyed the 72hour policy by the end of March, most of them from the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. Chengdu also reported robust growth in its overall tourist industry last year. Official statistics show that it received some 150 million tourists last year, an increase of 28 percent from 2021. Around million came from abroad, an increase of 12 percent. Total revenue from tourism surpassed 133 billion yuan ($). During his visit to Kazakhstan in September, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that China and Central Asia join hands to build a Silk Road economic belt to boost cooperation. The idea has been widely echoed in Central Asian countries, being an encouraging blueprint for Chinese areas along the Silk Road that has linked Asia and Europe for more than 2,000 years. In the next three weeks, China Daily reporters will travel through the belt in China and in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. They will show the progress and expectations of the countries, businesses and peoples on the route. Shaanxi the start of the ancient Silk Road has positioned itself as the new starting point for the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt, which will strengthen China39。s disease. abstract expressionism, movement of abstract painting that emerged in New York City during the mid1940s and attained singular prominence in American art in the following decade。 7. 巖漿巖按照 SiO2 的含量分為 酸性 、 中性 、 基性 、 超基性 。 。 壩址的處理措施 : 一、 清基 。 巖溶發(fā)育的分布規(guī)律 : 1) 垂直分帶性 —— 隨深度增加而逐漸減弱 2) 巖溶發(fā)育的不均一性 3) 巖溶的成層性 4) 巖溶發(fā)育的地帶性 5) 巖溶發(fā)育的階段性和多代性 ?褶皺構(gòu)造有哪些基本要素? 答:褶皺構(gòu)造:巖層在構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)中受力產(chǎn)生一系列連續(xù)彎曲的永久變形。 6. 影響巖石風(fēng)化的因素有巖石抗風(fēng)化能力
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