【正文】 alysis of the cooling curve of the find a way to check the purity of metal, purification of metals, preparation of eutectic alloy, the preparation of low melting point of the molten electrolyte, etc., in the two ponent found in brine system phase diagram into coarse salt purification method, and how the preparation of coolant, etc.. Two ponent system phase diagram of the study is of great significance for our life. Key words： Two ponent phase diagrams double fluid system The minimum total melting point distillation The cooling curve III 目 錄 中文摘要 ........................................................................................................................... I Abstract ............................................................................................................................II 目 錄 ......................................................................................................................... III 引 言 ........................................................................................................................... 1 1 二組分液 液系統(tǒng)相圖的分析和運(yùn)用 ............................................................................. 1 完全互溶的雙液系統(tǒng) ............................................................................................ 1 完全互溶雙液系統(tǒng)相圖的分析 .................................................................... 1 完全互溶雙液系統(tǒng)相圖的應(yīng)用 .................................................................... 3 部分互溶的雙液系統(tǒng) ............................................................................................ 5 部分互溶雙液系統(tǒng)相圖的分析和應(yīng)用 .......................................................... 5 完全不互溶的雙液系統(tǒng) ........................................................................................ 5 完全不互溶雙液系統(tǒng)相圖的分析 ................................................................. 5 完全不互溶雙液系統(tǒng)相圖的應(yīng)用 ................................................................. 6 2 二組分固 液系統(tǒng)相圖的分析和運(yùn)用 ............................................................................. 7 簡(jiǎn)單低共熔系統(tǒng) ................................................................................................... 7 簡(jiǎn)單低共熔系統(tǒng)相圖的分析 ........................................................................ 7 簡(jiǎn)單低共熔系統(tǒng)相圖的應(yīng)用 ........................................................................ 9 有固態(tài)化合物生成的固液系統(tǒng) ............................................................................ 10 生成穩(wěn)定化合物系統(tǒng)的相圖分析 ............................................................... 10 生成不穩(wěn)定化合物系統(tǒng)的相圖分析 ........................................................... 10 有固溶體生成的固液系統(tǒng)相圖的分析 .........................................................11 有固溶體生成的固液系統(tǒng)相圖的應(yīng)用 .........................................................11 結(jié) 語(yǔ) ........................................................................................................................... 13 參考文獻(xiàn) ........................................................................................................................ 14 致 謝 ........................................................................................................................... 16 1 引 言 用幾何圖形來(lái)表示多相平衡體系中有哪些相、各相的成分如何、不同的相的相對(duì)量是多少 ,以及它們隨濃度、溫度、壓力等變量變化的關(guān)系圖叫相圖。當(dāng)系統(tǒng)的壓力與組成處于 該頁(yè)面上時(shí)，其壓力大于對(duì)應(yīng)的蒸氣壓，應(yīng)全部凝結(jié)為液體，氣相不可能穩(wěn)定存在。 ① 各組分對(duì)拉烏爾定律的偏差不大（正偏差或負(fù)偏差）這類相圖可以看出蒸氣壓線會(huì)偏離直線，沸點(diǎn)線則顯著下移。 這類相圖的應(yīng)用常用來(lái)指導(dǎo)分離，提純，精餾等。最終