【正文】 , currently information technique continuously of development, the work technique has already been applied in us extensively nearby of every trade, there is the work technical development, each high schools all make use of a calculator to manage to do to learn, the school is operated by handicraft before of the whole tedious affairs all got fast and solve highefficiencily, especially student result management the system had in the school very big function, all can be more convenient, fast for the student and the teacher ing saying and understand accurately with management everyone noodles information. AbstractIt is a very heavy and baldness job of managing a bulky database by manpower. The disadvantage, such as great capacity of work, low efficiency and long period, exist in data inputting, demanding and modification. So the puter management system will bring us a quite there are so many students in the school, the data of students39。 batch processing would certainly do. Should the inventory file be anized sequentially or directly? Faced with such a choice, a good analyst considers both options. One possible system might accept transactions and process them as they occur. As an alternative, sales slips might be collected throughout the day and programs would deal with direct access files。該系統(tǒng)主要分為系統(tǒng)管理，學(xué) 生專業(yè)管理，學(xué)生檔案管理，學(xué)費管理，課程管理，成績管理和打印報表。 系統(tǒng)分析 因為人們需要信息，所以要開 發(fā)基于計算機(jī)的系統(tǒng)。分析員的目標(biāo)是確定用戶需求什么。因為顧客購 買、換貨和退貨，所以貨單要改變，因此系統(tǒng)必須處理顧客辦理的手續(xù)。訂貨單一經(jīng)核準(zhǔn)， GENERATE REORDER（產(chǎn)生再訂貨單程序）就向 SUPPLIER（供應(yīng)商）發(fā)出需要的數(shù)據(jù)，供應(yīng)商就把貨運(yùn)送到商店。因為系統(tǒng)是由用戶提出的，所以首先要確定用戶的需求。流程圖表明，通過終端進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)的事務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)被數(shù)據(jù)采集程序處理，然后存放在貨單文件上。該種情況要求快速響應(yīng)，每個事務(wù)必須在它發(fā)生時得到處理。有時在調(diào)試和檢測階段一些缺陷被忽略了，那么修改程序，例如，政府通過了一個法律，修改了征收所得稅的方法，則工資程序就必須修改。本系統(tǒng)包括兩個程序、若干臺設(shè)備和大量的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)。 如何組織文件呢？這取決于如何訪問它。因此可以開始考慮系統(tǒng)如何完成這些事。分析員逐步地、有條理地區(qū)分了系統(tǒng)要求輸入、存儲、處理、產(chǎn)生或輸出的應(yīng)該分別是哪些數(shù)據(jù)元素。最后，數(shù)據(jù)源、數(shù)據(jù)目的地、處理過程和數(shù)據(jù)存儲之間的數(shù)據(jù)流向用箭頭表示。有了好的問題定義和肯定的可行性研究 , 分析員就能著手計劃和研究問題的解了。 一方面 ,庫存太多會造成不必要的開銷；另一方面可供挑選的商品太少會使顧客失去購買的信心。 系統(tǒng)就是為實現(xiàn)一個目標(biāo)而共同工作的一組部件。整個系統(tǒng)從符合操作簡便，界面美觀、靈活、實用的要求出發(fā)，完成學(xué)生信息管理的全過程，包括系統(tǒng)管理、基本信息管理、學(xué)習(xí)管理、獎懲管理和打印報表等功能。 for example, if the analyst doesn’t have sufficient information to plete a data dictionary entry, he or she has probably missed something. Perhaps most importantly, the data flow diagram and the data dictionary document the analyst’s understanding of the system requirements. By reviewing these documents, the user can correct misunderstanding or oversights. Finally, they represent an excellent starting point for the next step, design. Design As we enter the design stage, we know what the system must do, and thus can begin thinking about how to do it. The objective is to develop a strategy for solving the problem. 沙隴中學(xué)八年級語文科期末考試模擬試卷（中） 8 At this stage, we are not interested in writing code or in defining precise data structures。 information is huge, it makes the management of the information bee a plicated and tedious work. This system aims at the school, passing by practically of demand analysis, adopt mighty to develop the student information management 沙隴中學(xué)八年級語文科期末考試模擬試卷（中） 2 system. The whole system design process follow the principle of simple operation, beautiful and vivid interface and practical request. The student information management system including the function of system management, basic information management, study management, prize and punishment management , print statement and so on. Through the proof of using, the student information management system which this text designed can satisfy the school to manage the demand of the aspect to students39。 in the second system, they would be linked to sequential files. A program to process direct access data is different from a program to process sequential data. The data drive the system. The choice of a data structure determines the program’s structure. Note that the program is defined and planned in the context of the system. Implementation Once the system’s major ponents have been identified, we can begin to develop them. Our system includes two programs, several pieces of equipment, and a number of data structures. During implementation, each program is planned and written using the techniques described in Chapter 7. Files are created, and their contents checked. New hardware is purchased, installed, and tested. Additionally, operating procedures are written and evaluated. Once all the ponent parts are ready, the system is tested. Assuming the user is satisfied, the finished system is released. Summary A system is a collection of hardware, software, data, and procedural ponents that work together to acplish an objective. A program is but one ponent in a system. System are planned and designed by system analysts who generally follow a welldefined, 沙隴中學(xué)八年級語文科期末考試模擬試卷（中） 10 methodical process. The first step in the process is problem definition, when the analyst attempts to discover exactly what the user needs. Often, following a preliminary problem definition, a feasibility study is conducted to determine if the problem can be solved. Given a clear problem definition, analysis begins. During this stage, the analyst develops a logical model of the system. Key functions are linked through a data flow diagram. Using the diagram as a tool, the data flows are traced, and the system’s data elements are identified and recorded in a data dictionary. After the logical system is reviewed with the user, design