【正文】 t be too early, and want to notice to dismantle a mold order of is at jelly soil top take to establish template to notice to adopt certain of prevention measure. Temperature crack and prevention 2021級工程管理專業(yè)英語科技文獻翻譯 11 Temperature crack much the occurrence is in big surface or difference in temperature variety of the physical volume concrete pare the earth area of the concrete structure. Concrete after sprinkling to build, in the hardening the process, cement water turn a creation a great deal of of water turn hot, .(be the cement dosage is in the 350550 kg/m 3, each sign square the rice concrete will release a calories of 1750027500 kJ and make concrete internal thus the temperature rise to reach to 70 ℃ or so even higher)Because the physical volume of concrete be more big, a great deal of of water turn hot accumulate at the concrete inner part but not easy send forth, cause inner part the temperature hoick, but the concrete surface spread hot more quick, so formation inside outside of bigger difference in temperature, the bigger difference in temperature result in inner part and exterior hot the degree of the bulge cold Suo dissimilarity, make concrete surface creation certain of pull should pull should dint exceed the anti of concrete pull strength extreme limit, concrete surface meeting creation crack, this kind of crack much occurrence after the concrete under construction the concrete of under construction be difference in temperature variety more big, perhaps is a concrete to be subjected to assault of cold wave etc., will cause concrete surface the temperature sharply descend, but creation constringency, surface constringency of the concrete be subjected to inner part concrete of control, creation very big of pull should dint but creation crack, this kind of crack usually just in more shallow scope of the concrete surface creation. The alignment of the temperature crack usually none settle regulation, big area structure the crack often maneuver interleave。這種方法的優(yōu)點是防護方法受環(huán)境因素的影響較小，適用鋼筋、混凝土的長期防腐，既可用于已裂結(jié)構(gòu)也可用于新建結(jié)構(gòu)。四是鋼筋表層涂刷防腐涂料。十是加強混凝土溫度的監(jiān)控，及時采取冷卻、保護措施。由于混凝土的體積較大，大量的水化熱聚積在混凝土內(nèi)部而不易散發(fā)，導致內(nèi)部溫度急劇上升，而混凝土表面散熱較快，這樣就形成內(nèi)外的較大溫差，較大的溫差造成內(nèi)部與外部熱脹冷縮的程度不同，使混凝土表面產(chǎn)生一定的拉應力。三是澆筑混凝土之前，將基層和模板澆水均勻濕透。相對濕度越低，水泥漿體干縮越大，干縮裂縫越易產(chǎn)生。 2021級工程管理專業(yè)英語科技文獻翻譯 1 建筑施工混凝土裂縫的預防與處理 摘 要 ： 混凝土的裂縫問題是一個普遍存在而又難于解決的工程實際問題，本文對混凝土工程中常見的一些裂縫問題進行了探討分析，并針對具體情況提出了一些預防、處理措施。干縮裂縫多為表面性的平行線狀或網(wǎng)狀淺細裂縫，寬度多在 ，大體積混凝土中平面部位多見，較薄的梁板中多沿其短向分布。四是及時覆 蓋塑料薄膜或者潮濕的草墊、麻片等，保持混凝土終凝前表面濕潤，或者在混凝土表面噴灑養(yǎng)護劑等進行養(yǎng)護。當拉應力超過混凝土的抗拉強度極限時，混凝土表面就會產(chǎn)生裂縫，這種裂縫多發(fā)生在混凝土施工中后期。十一是預留溫度收縮縫。 3 裂縫處理 裂縫的出現(xiàn)不但會 影響結(jié)構(gòu)的整體性和剛度，還會引起鋼筋的銹蝕、加速混凝土的碳化、降低混凝土的耐久性和抗疲勞、抗?jié)B能力。 2021級工程管理專業(yè)英語科技文獻翻譯 6 仿生自愈合法 仿生自愈合法是一種新的裂縫處理方法，它模仿生物組織對受創(chuàng)傷部位自動分泌某種物質(zhì)，而使創(chuàng)傷部位得到愈合的機能，在混凝土的傳統(tǒng)成分中加入某些特殊成分（如含粘結(jié)劑 的液芯纖維或膠囊），在混凝土內(nèi)部形成智能型仿生自愈合神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng)，當混凝土出現(xiàn)裂縫時分泌出部分液芯纖維可使裂縫重新愈合。The size bigger structure of the beam plank length, the crack run parallel with short side more。 Cape direction development, bigger sink to sink crack, usually have certain of wrong, crack width usually with sink to decline quantity direct proportion width under the influence of temperature variety foundation after transform stability sink to sink crack also basic tend in stability. Main prevention measure:One is rightness loose soft soil, return to fill soil foundation a construction at the upper part structure front should carry on necessity of Hang solid with is the strength that assurance template is enough and just degree, and prop up firm, and make the foundation be subjected to dint is keep concrete from sprinkle infusing the foundation in the process is soak by is time that template tore down to can39。陰極防護法、氯鹽提取法、堿性復原法是化學防護法中常用而有效的三種方法。三是混凝土澆注要振搗密實。九是在大體積混凝土內(nèi)部設置冷卻管道，通冷水或者冷氣冷卻，減小混凝土的內(nèi)外溫差。混凝 土澆筑后，在硬化過程中，水泥水化產(chǎn)生大量的水化熱，（當水泥用量在350550 kg/m3，每立方米混凝土將釋放出 1750027500kJ的熱量，從而使混凝土內(nèi)部溫度升達 70℃左右甚至更高）。二是嚴格控制水灰比，摻加高效減水劑來增加混凝土的坍落度和和易性，減少水泥及水的用量。干縮裂縫的產(chǎn)生主要是由于混凝土內(nèi)外水分蒸發(fā)程度不同而導致變形不同的結(jié)果：混凝土受 2021級工程管理專業(yè)英語科技文獻翻譯 2 外部條件的影響，表面水分損失過快，變形較大，內(nèi)部濕度變化較小變形較小，較大的表面干縮變形受到混凝土內(nèi)部約束，產(chǎn)生較大拉應力而產(chǎn)生裂縫。 關鍵詞 ： 混凝土 裂縫 預防 處理 1 引言 混凝土是一種由砂石骨料、水泥、水及其他外加材料混合而形成的非均質(zhì)脆性材料。干縮裂縫通常會影響混凝土的抗?jié)B性，引起鋼筋的銹蝕影響混凝土的耐久性，在水壓力的作用下會產(chǎn)生水力劈裂影響混凝土的承載力等等。五是在高溫和大風天氣要設置遮陽和擋風設施，及時養(yǎng)護。在混凝土的施工中當溫差變化較大，或者是混凝土受到寒潮的襲擊等，會導致混凝土表面溫度急劇下降，而產(chǎn)生收縮，表面收縮的混凝土受內(nèi)部混凝土的約束，將產(chǎn)生很大的拉應力而產(chǎn)生裂縫，這種裂縫通常只在混凝土表面較淺的范圍內(nèi)產(chǎn)生。十二是減小約束，澆筑混凝土前宜在基巖和老混凝土上鋪設 5mm左右的砂墊層或使用瀝青等材料涂刷。因此根據(jù)裂縫的性質(zhì)和 2021級工程管理專業(yè)英語科技文獻翻譯 5 具體情況我們要區(qū)別對待、及時處理，以保證建筑物的安全使用。 4 結(jié) 論 裂縫是混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)中普遍存在的一種現(xiàn)象，它的出現(xiàn)不僅會降低建筑物的抗?jié)B能力，影響建筑物的使用功能，而且會引起鋼筋的銹蝕，混凝土的碳化，降低材料的耐久性，影響建筑物的承載能力，因此要對混凝土裂縫進行認真研究、區(qū)別對待，采用合理的方法進行處理，并在施工中采取各種有效的預防措施來預防裂縫的出現(xiàn)和發(fā)展，保證建筑物和構(gòu)件的安全。Thorough with pierce through sex of temperature crack general and short side direction parallelism or close parallelism, crack along long side cent the segment appear, in the center more width the size be different, be subjected to temperature variety influence more obvious, winter pare breadth, summer more concrete temperature crack that the heat inflation cause is usually in the center the thick both ends be thin, but cold Suo crack of thick thin variety not too emergence of the this kind crack will cause the rust eclipse of rein