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基于單片機(jī)控制的紅外報(bào)警器的設(shè)計(jì)電子信息工程(專業(yè)版)

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【正文】 圖 34 TCON 控制字 控制字的格式和含義 : TF1(),TF0()T T0 計(jì)數(shù)溢出標(biāo)志位 當(dāng)計(jì)數(shù)器計(jì)數(shù)溢出時(shí),該位置“ 1”。 MSC51 單片機(jī)內(nèi)部有兩個(gè) 16 位可編程定時(shí)器 /計(jì)數(shù)器 T0 和 T1。單片機(jī)除了正常的初始化外,當(dāng)程序運(yùn)行出錯(cuò)或由于操作錯(cuò)誤而使系統(tǒng)處于死循環(huán)時(shí),也需要按復(fù)位鍵重啟機(jī)器。 手工暫停 針對(duì) 中斷系統(tǒng) 的顯示,設(shè)計(jì)了一種實(shí)用化基于單片機(jī) AT89S51 的 手工暫停電路 。共陰數(shù)碼管在應(yīng)用時(shí)應(yīng)將公共極 COM 接到地線 GND 上,當(dāng)某一字段發(fā)光二極管的陽極為高電平時(shí),相應(yīng)字段就點(diǎn)亮。 XTAL2:來自反向振蕩器的輸出。 ALE/PROG:當(dāng)訪問外部存儲(chǔ)器時(shí),地址鎖存允許 端 的輸出電平用于鎖存地址的地東華理工大學(xué)長(zhǎng)江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文 ) 無線報(bào)警器系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) 14 址 字節(jié)。在 FIASH 編程時(shí), P0 口作為原碼輸入口,當(dāng)東華理工大學(xué)長(zhǎng)江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文 ) 無線報(bào)警器系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) 13 FIASH 進(jìn)行校驗(yàn)時(shí), P0輸出原碼,此時(shí) P0 外部必須被拉高。 ( 5) . 并行 I/O 口 振蕩器和時(shí)序 OSC 程序存儲(chǔ)器 4 KB ROM 數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器 256 B RAM/SFR 定時(shí)器 /計(jì)數(shù)器 2 16 AT89S51 CPU 64 KB 總線 擴(kuò)展控制器 可編程 I/O 可編程全 雙工串行口 內(nèi)中斷 東華理工大學(xué)長(zhǎng)江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文 ) 無線報(bào)警器系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) 10 AT89S51 共有 4 個(gè) 8 位的 I/O 口( P0、 P P P3口),可以實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的并行輸入、輸出。 紅外線熱釋電傳感器遠(yuǎn)離空調(diào) , 冰箱,火爐等空氣溫度變化敏感的地方。由于熱釋電紅外傳感器輸出的探測(cè)信號(hào)電壓十分微弱(通常僅有 1mV 左右),而且是一個(gè)變化的信號(hào),同時(shí)菲涅爾透鏡的作用又使輸出信號(hào)電壓呈東華理工大學(xué)長(zhǎng)江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文 ) 無線報(bào)警器系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) 7 脈 沖形式(脈沖電壓的頻率由被測(cè)物體的移動(dòng)速度決定,通常為 0.1~10Hz左右),所以應(yīng)對(duì)熱釋紅外傳感器輸出的電壓信號(hào)進(jìn)行放大。 菲涅 爾透鏡利用透鏡的特殊光學(xué)原理,在探測(cè)器前方產(chǎn)生一個(gè)交替變化的 “ 盲區(qū) ” 和 “ 高靈敏區(qū) ” ,以提高它的探測(cè)接收靈敏度。它們的進(jìn)程框圖如 圖 11 所示。當(dāng)人員外出時(shí),可把 報(bào)警系統(tǒng)設(shè)置在外出布防狀 態(tài) 探測(cè)器工作起來。然而一些不法分子也是越來越多。本系統(tǒng)采用了熱釋電紅外傳感器,它的制作簡(jiǎn)單、成本低,安裝比較方便,而且防盜性能比較穩(wěn)定,抗干擾能力強(qiáng)、靈敏度高、安全可靠。s unceasing progress and science and technology,economical unceasing development, the people living standard obtainsthe very big enhancement, to private property protection consciousnessin unceasing enhancement, thus set the new request to the securitymeasure. This design is for satisfy the family type electron securitysystem which the modern housing security needs to design. At present in the market condition equips mainly has the pressure totouch the hair style burglar alarm, the switch electron burglar alarmand the pressure shields light the hair style burglar alarmand so on each kind of alarm apparatus, but these kind of quite monalarm apparatuses all have some shortings. This system used hashotly released the electricity infrared sensor, its manufacturesimple, cost low, installm the antijamming ability strong, thesensitivity high, safe was reliable. This kind of security installmenthiding, was not easily discovered by the bandits and its signal after monolithic integrated circuit systemprocessing the convenience and P the C machine correspondence, isadvantageous for the multiuser unification management. This design designs two parts including the hardware and software. Thehardware partially including the monolithic integrated circuit controlcircuit, infrared pokes head in the electric circuit, the actuationexecution alarm circuit, the LED control circuit and so on the partialpositions. The processor uses 51 series monolithic integratedcircuits AT89S51, the overall system is works under the systemsoftware control. The system program may divide into following severalmodules: The data acquisition, the keyboard control, reports to thepolice with the demonstration small steelyard function. Key words: AT89S51 monolithic integrated circuit; infrared sensor,data acquisition; alarm circuit 東華理工大學(xué)長(zhǎng)江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文 ) 目 錄 IV 目 錄 論 ............................................................... 1 課題背景 .................................................................................................................. 1 課題現(xiàn)狀 .................................................................................................................. 1 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)與要求 ...................................................................................................... 2 ............................................... 3 系統(tǒng)概述 ............................................................................................................... 3 主要器件介紹 .......................................................................................................... 4 熱釋電紅外傳感器概述 ................................................................................ 4 AT89S51 單片機(jī)概述 ................................................................................... 8 總體設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................................. 14 器系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) .............................................. 16 信號(hào)檢測(cè)與放大電路 ........................................................................................... 16 電路實(shí)現(xiàn)功能 .............................................................................................. 16 電路圖 圖 21信號(hào)檢測(cè)與放大電路 .......................................................... 16 電子元件介紹 , .......................................................................................... 17 LED 顯示電路 ....................................................................................................... 17 電路實(shí)現(xiàn)功能 .............................................................................................. 17 電路圖 .......................................................................................................... 17 電路元件介紹 .............................................................................................. 18 電路實(shí)現(xiàn)原理 .............................................................................................. 18 報(bào)警執(zhí)行電路 ....................................................................................................... 18 電路實(shí)現(xiàn)功能 .............................................................................................. 18 電路圖 .......................................................................................................... 18 電路元件介紹 .............................................................................................. 19 電路實(shí)現(xiàn)原理 .............................................................................................. 20 手工暫停 ...................................................
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