【正文】 ? 中文： ? 中國眼科醫(yī)學(xué)信息網(wǎng) :// chinaeye / ? 眼底病論壇 :// coretina / ? 中文醫(yī)網(wǎng) 文獻(xiàn)檢索 :// medonline /doctor/search/ ? 醫(yī)網(wǎng)導(dǎo)航 文獻(xiàn)檢索 :// /~orange98/ ? 國家圖書館文獻(xiàn)提供中心 :// /dcylb 第五十六頁，共五十八頁。 When to seek medical advice ? Early detection of diabetic retinopathy is the best way to prevent vision loss: ? 〔 a〕 If you have diabetes, see your eye doctor for a yearly dilated eye exam〔擴(kuò)瞳檢查〕 — even if your vision seems fine. ? 〔 b〕 If you bee pregnant, your eye doctor may remend additional eye exams throughout your pregnancy. ? (c)Contact your eye doctor right away if you experience sudden vision changes or your vision bees blurry, spotty or hazy〔模糊或有斑點〕 . 第四十一頁，共五十八頁。 terms ? Extensive ：廣泛的，大量的 ? Intraretinal microvascular abnormalitis 〔 IRMA〕視網(wǎng)膜內(nèi)微血管異常 ? Intraretinal : 視網(wǎng)膜內(nèi)部的 ? Microvascular ：微血管的 ? Cotton wool spots : 棉絨斑 ? Hemorrhage ：出血 ? Roots that means blood： Hemo ， hema ,hem, haemo ,haema ,haem ? rrhage ,出血，流血 ? Gastrointestinalrrhage 消化道出血 第二十五頁，共五十八頁。 Causes ? If your blood sugar level is too high, your natural lens may swell — which can blur your vision. 第九頁，共五十八頁。 cause ? Diabetic retinopathy can happen to anyone who has type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes. 第七頁，共五十八頁。 As the condition progresses, the smaller vessels may close entirely and the larger retinal veins may begin to dilate〔擴(kuò)大〕 and bee irregular in diameter〔直徑〕 . Nerve fibers in the retina may begin to swell. 第二十二頁，共五十八頁。 Risk factors Diabetic retinopathy can happen to anyone who has diabetes. The risk is highest if you: 第三十八頁，共五十八頁。 Prevention ? Make a mitment to managing your diabetes. ? Monitor your blood sugar level. ? Ask your doctor about a glycated hemoglobin test. ? Glycated hemoglobin test 糖化血紅蛋白檢測 ? Glycated 糖化的， hemoglobin血紅蛋白 =haemoglobin 第五十三頁，共五十八頁。 Epidermal表皮的，外皮的。 ? Glaua. The new blood vessels may interfere with the normal flow of fluid out of the eye and cause pressure in the eye to build up. ? Bli