【正文】 bug tracking Bug finding and reporting。 user performance support。Microsoft Solution Framework (Overview) 微軟（中國）開發(fā)合作部 軟件開發(fā)首席專家 李東方 Agenda ? Overview ? Team Model ? Risk Management ? Process ? Vision approved milestone ? Project plan approved milestone ? Scope plete milestone ? Release milestone Project Failure Rates Application Development Projects Challenged Succeeded Failed 28% 46% 26% “ When projects fail, it’s rarely technical.” Jim Johnson, The Standish Group Root Causes of Failure ? Separation of goal and function ? Separation of business and technology ? Lack of mon language and process ? Failure to municate and act as a team ? Processes that are inflexible to change Agenda ? Overview ? Team Model ? Risk Management ? Process ? Vision approved milestone ? Project plan approved milestone ? Scope plete milestone ? Release milestone Lesson 2:Team Model for Application Development A highlevel overview of the team model roles and responsibilities in an application development project Team Goals for Success ? Satisfied customers ? Delivery within project constraints ? Delivery to specifications that are based on user requirements ? Release after addressing all known issues ? Enhanced user performance ? Smooth deployment and ongoing management Team of Peers ? Is a team whose members relate as equals ? Has specific roles and responsibilities for each member ? Empowers individuals in their roles ? Holds members accountable for the success of their roles ? Drives consensusbased decisionmaking ? Gives all team members a stake in the success of the project Program Management Development Testing Logistics Management User Education Product Management Team Model for Application Development Communication Product Management Role ? Acts as customer advocate to the team ? Acts as team advocate to the customer ? Drives shared project vision ? Manages customer expectations ? Develops, maintains, and executes the business case ? Drives feature identification and prioritization ? Develops, maintains, and executes the munications plan Product Management Program Management Role ? Drives the overall process ? Manages resource allocation ? Manages the project schedule and reports project status ? Manages the product scope and specification ? Facilitates team munication and negotiation ? Drives overall critical tradeoff decisions Program Management Development Role ? Builds and tests features to meet the specification and customer expectations ? Participates in design ? Estimates time and effort to plete each feature ? Serves the team as a technology consultant Development Testing Testing Role ? Develops testing strategy, plans, and scripts ? Manages the build process ? Conducts tests to accurately determine the status of product development ? Participates in setting the quality bar User Education Role ? Acts as team advocate to the end user ? Acts as enduser advocate to the team ? Participates in defining user requirements ? Participates in designing features ? Designs and develops user support systems ? Drives the usability process User Education Logistics Management Logistics Management Role ? Acts as team advocate to operations ? Acts as operations advocate to the team ? Plans and manages product deployment ? Participates in design, focusing on manageability, supportability, and deployability ? Supports the product during beta testing ? Trains operations and help desk personnel for product release Team and Goal Alignment Team role Product management Program management Development Testing User education Logistics management Goal Satisfied customers Delivery within project constraints Delivery to product specifications Release after addressing all known issues Enhanced user performance Smooth product deployment Not a Traditional Organizational Chart Testing Developer Project Manager Logistics Developer Analyst User Education Coordination with External Teams Technology Focus Business Focus End Users Business Architects and Planners Customer Technology Architects and Steering Committees Operations and Support Groups End Users Project Team User Education Development Testing Logistics Management Product Management Program Management Lesson 3:Underlying Team Model Principles Some of the principles and practices that make the team model successful Principles of a Successful Team ? Shared project vision ? Product mindset ? Zerodefect mindset ? Customerfocused mindset ? Willingness to learn ? What it means ? Clearly understanding project goals and objectives ? Understanding and buying into a vision that is held by all team members and the customer ? Why it is important ? Provides the team a uniform sense of purpose ? Resolves conflicting and contradictory visions ? Clarifies project goals and objectives ? Ensures that team members are working toward the same goal Shared Project Vision Product Mindset ? What it means ? Treating all work as part of a project ? Treating the final deliverable of the project as a product ? Why it is important ? Focuses the team on execution rather than process ? Enables the team to use product development techniques ? Increases team identity and accountability ZeroDefect Mindset ? What it means ? Committing to quality ? Performing work at the highest possible level of quality ? Focusing on achieving the quality bar set by the team ? Why it is important ? Increases product stability ? Increases schedule predictability ? Improves accountability CustomerFocused