【正文】 可與 just, ever, never等連用，例如： I have just been to the post office. 我剛才去郵局了。（表示十五年前的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會(huì)繼續(xù)。表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也可以表示實(shí)質(zhì)可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 The man has been dead for several years. The man has died for several years. 這個(gè)人已經(jīng)死了幾年了。 練習(xí)：用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空 A: Where __1__ Li Fei __1__? B: He __2__ to Hainan Island. A: How long __3__ he __3___ there? B: He ___4__ there for three days. A: When will he e back , do you know? B: I’m afraid he won’t e back recently. A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I __5__ never __5__ there. A: How many times __6__ Li Fei __6___ to that place? B: He __7__ there only once. 用括號(hào)中所給的動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子。 They have e here for two days. They have been here for two days. 他們來(lái)這兒已經(jīng)兩天了。表過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果 ,例如 I have just cleaned my clothes. 我剛洗過(guò)衣服。（表示“我“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了） Put the following sentences into English. 1. A: 火車(chē)已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了 . B: 什么時(shí)候開(kāi)走的 ? A: 半個(gè)小時(shí)之前開(kāi)走的 . 2. A: 這本書(shū)我已經(jīng)買(mǎi)了兩年了 . B: 你在哪兒買(mǎi)的 ? A: 在我老家買(mǎi)的 . 3. A: 你看過(guò)這部電影嗎 ? B: 看過(guò) . A: 什么時(shí)候看的 . B: 上周星期天看的 . A: The train has left. B: When did it leave. A: It left half an hour ago. A: have you seen the film? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you see it? B: I saw it last Sunday. A: I`ve had the book for two years. B: Where did you buy it? A: I bought it in my hometown. 注意點(diǎn)二、非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 短暫性動(dòng)詞在肯定句、疑問(wèn)句中不能與時(shí)間段連用，這些動(dòng)詞是： bee, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, e, die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join, leave, marry等。 Have you ever been to Hangzhou before? 你以前曾經(jīng)去過(guò)杭州嗎？ Have (has) been to 后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過(guò)某地幾次。 They have been in Canada for five years. 他們到加拿大有五年了。（說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒） The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飛機(jī)是一刻中以前來(lái)的。 I have been here for just over two years. He has worked here since 1989. 從 1989年， I haven’t seen her these days. She has learnt English for 3 years/since 3 years ago. They have lived here since 1990. What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years? 注意點(diǎn)一： 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去或表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過(guò)去。 I’ve _____ the bike _____ two years. 4. He left Nanjing two years ago. He _____ _____ _____ _____ Nanjing for two years. 5. The monkey died last month. The monkey _____ _____ _____ for a month. 6. A: Hong long _____ you ____ (