【正文】
表6 污水處理站惡臭氣體成分一覽表分類名稱分子式臭氣特征硫醇類甲硫醇CH3SH爛洋蔥頭、爛圓白菜臭硫醚類甲硫醚二甲二硫醚(CH3)2S(CH3)2S2蒜、韭菜樣臭醛類丙醛異丁醛正戊醛C2H5CHO(CH3)2CHCHOC4H9CHO刺激臭脂及酸類丙酸丁酸異丁酸C2H5COOHC3H7COOH(CH3)2CHCOOH食醋味不快臭汗臭吲哚類糞臭基硫酸氮(朵)茚C9H9NC8H7N糞便臭鹽酸醋酸混合味胺類三甲胺(CH3)3N臭魚味硫化物硫化氫H2S臭蛋味氨氨NH3刺激味惡臭氣體對人們的危害主要包括對呼吸系統(tǒng)、循環(huán)系統(tǒng)、消化系統(tǒng)、分泌系統(tǒng)、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的危害。C0—完全混合后河流斷面污染物濃度,mg/L;k—河流降解系數(shù);x—預(yù)測河流段長度,m;u—河流流速,m/s。燃料煤堆存應(yīng)建設(shè)煤柵,以防止堆煤風(fēng)蝕揚塵。除機械噪聲外,運輸車輛也是一主要的噪聲源,但其影響范圍通常不會超過100m。比如惡臭中主要污染物NH3具有強烈刺激性氣味,主要刺激眼睛、粘膜和上呼吸道,其引起人類呼吸道刺激癥狀的最低濃度為20ppm。它具有殺菌力強、能氧化多種有機物和無機物,從而進一步凈化水質(zhì),不使處理后的水產(chǎn)生嗅和味及不增加可溶性固體等優(yōu)點。續(xù)建設(shè)項目工程分析④ 厭氧生物處理 設(shè)計的厭氧生物處理采用從美國引進的先進厭氧微生物SBQ—A對屠宰廢水進行厭氧酸化及硝化降解處理,該厭氧菌種呈現(xiàn)液體狀,可直接加入廢水中,投加量為2ml/m3廢水。此外,由于屠宰廢水中含有大量的非溶解性的蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪、碳水化合物和雜物,且水質(zhì)和水量在24h內(nèi)變化較大,因此,在生物處理工藝前,應(yīng)采用一些物理方法對廢水進行預(yù)處理,以防止設(shè)備堵塞,降低生物處理設(shè)施負荷和穩(wěn)定生物處理效果。燃料煤堆存應(yīng)建設(shè)煤柵,以防止堆煤風(fēng)蝕揚塵。 地表水和地下水在科學(xué)規(guī)劃,合理布局,綜合發(fā)展農(nóng)、工、商貿(mào)前提下,強化環(huán)境監(jiān)控監(jiān)理職能,確保洛河及洛河各支流、長江流域老灌河、淇河地表水環(huán)境質(zhì)量達到國家《地表水環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準》(GB3838—2002)中Ⅲ類質(zhì)量標(biāo)準。 動物XX區(qū)域野生動物組成比較復(fù)雜,以古北界動物占絕對優(yōu)勢,兼有東洋界的一些種類。沿XX的洛河兩岸,流水侵蝕嚴重。XX縣位于河南省西部邊陲,地處豫、陜兩省的結(jié)合部, 北鄰靈寶,東連洛寧與欒川,南接西峽,西和西南與陜西省的洛南、丹鳳、商南三縣接壤, 居北緯33176。全廠勞動定員18人,其中技術(shù)人員6人,生產(chǎn)人員12人。Lesson56 Faster than sound! 比聲音還快!t need,39。 Young man,39。Will you be seeing it ?39。 telephone. When he was alone, he telephoned the hospital exchange and asked for Doctor Millington. When the doctor answered the phone, Mr Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient, a Mr John Gilbert. He asked if Mr Gilbert39。 amused too, because he never expected the bicycle to be found. It was stolen twenty years ago when Ted was a boy of fifteen !taxi39。Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. He has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with motorists. when he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once. Jasper has put up39。The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water. I turned to look at the children, but there weren39。Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea. Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. During that time she covered a distance of eight miles. Early next morning, she saw a light ahead. She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs. On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. That was all she remembered. When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.Lesson36 Across the Channel 橫渡海峽Lesson38 Everything except the weather 惟獨沒有考慮到天氣 Will you be staying in England?39。 I said to my wife. 39。 I find it beautiful,39。辦公區(qū)和生產(chǎn)區(qū)占地面積見表1,廠區(qū)平面布置詳見附圖二。10 供電廠內(nèi)裝100kVA變壓器及其配套設(shè)施,本項目用電裝機容量50kW,供電能力充足。中南部山地是黃河水系和長江水系的分水嶺,大部分地區(qū)屬黃河水系。 土壤植被評價區(qū)屬較平坦地域,評價區(qū)的東南、西南與東北、西北2公里外是淺山丘陵與石山混合區(qū)域,區(qū)域地勢逐步由低到高,地表淋溶作用強盛,可溶性鹽類基本淋失,形成了酸性和微酸性的棕壤和山地褐土。續(xù)建設(shè)項目所在地自然環(huán)境社會環(huán)境簡況評價區(qū)所在的XX縣東明鎮(zhèn)轄23個行政村,221個村民組,9298戶,勞動力13506人,總?cè)丝?9217人,其中:非農(nóng)業(yè)人口2216人,農(nóng)業(yè)人口27001人。根據(jù)2004年12月24日XX縣環(huán)境監(jiān)測對洛河寨子村段面監(jiān)測結(jié)果,該斷面監(jiān)測結(jié)果見《XX縣污水處理廠地表水監(jiān)測結(jié)果統(tǒng)計表》。表1 食品公司屠宰排水水質(zhì)與國家排放標(biāo)準對照表監(jiān)測項目監(jiān)測濃度肉類加工工業(yè)水污染物排放標(biāo)準(一級)要求處理效率水量 m3/t≤(活屠重)pHCODcr1931mg/L≤500mg/L≥ %BOD5556mg/L≤300mg/L≥ %SS1807mg/L≤400mg/L≥77 %由上表可以看出:屠宰廢水屬高濃度有機廢水,含有大量血污、油脂、油塊、毛肉屑、內(nèi)臟雜物、未消化的食料和糞便,造成有機污染物濃度高,治理難度大。① 篩除 此工序的主要作用是分離屠宰廢水中較粗的分散性懸浮固體物。普通續(xù)建設(shè)項目工程分析沉淀池一般分為平流式、豎流式和輻流式三種,但效果均不夠理想。續(xù)建設(shè)項目工程分析 固體污染因素分析本項目固體廢棄物主要為鍋爐渣、收塵及污水站污泥等,其產(chǎn)生量分別為:100t/a、15t/a及 10t/a。(3)施工過程中產(chǎn)生的棄土、棄物及時運走,對未及時運走的要整理成堆,并灑水抑塵。營運期環(huán)境影響分析:根據(jù)工程分析,本項目在營運過程中主要污染因素是廢水、廢氣、噪聲等。根據(jù)工程分析,該廢水治理后可實現(xiàn)達標(biāo)排放。綜合分析,本工程廢水治理措施可行,治理效果明顯,可實現(xiàn)達標(biāo)排放,其對洛河的河水水質(zhì)沒有影響。表8 惡臭污染物廠界標(biāo)準 單位:mg/m3污染物名稱H2S。表3 工程運行期預(yù)測斷面污染濃度預(yù)測斷面CODcr(mg/L)BOD5(mg/L)入洛河下游1000m入洛河上游5km從表中可以看出,CODcr和BOD5在洛河大橋控制斷面的預(yù)測值與監(jiān)測值相同,說明本工程廢水排放對地表水環(huán)境質(zhì)量沒有影響。本項目廢氣可實現(xiàn)達標(biāo)排放,廠址周圍無居民,且當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量有較大容量,因此,本項目廢氣達標(biāo)排放對環(huán)境影響可以接受。施工固廢主要為廢棄建筑材料,建筑材料盡量做到日產(chǎn)日清。影響范圍主要在施工現(xiàn)場附近。表2 廢水處理效果分析 單位:mg/L處理工序進水水質(zhì)出水水質(zhì)去除率%總?cè)コ?均化沉淀CODcr193119310BOD55565560SS180718070厭氧CODcr19311813BOD5556SS18071330好氧二沉池CODcr181390BOD590SS133013390由以上可知,治理后廢水中CODcr、BOD mg/L、133mg/L,本治理工藝可以滿足國家標(biāo)準對該廠外排廢水中CODcr、BODSS的要求。此外,選用低噪聲鼓風(fēng)設(shè)備,該曝氣工藝還具有噪聲低、操作管理簡便、投資低以及對負荷變化適應(yīng)性強等優(yōu)點。沉淀調(diào)節(jié)池、斜管沉淀的污泥,定期排入污泥干化池處理。根據(jù)該公司提供的有關(guān)資料,年排放廢水量約2810 m3。表3 噪聲現(xiàn)狀監(jiān)測結(jié)果一覽表 單位:dB(A)監(jiān)測點位監(jiān)測時間(月、日)監(jiān)測結(jié)果LAeq評價標(biāo)準評價結(jié)果晝間夜間晝間夜間北廠界6050達標(biāo)達標(biāo)東廠界達標(biāo)達標(biāo)西廠界達標(biāo)達標(biāo)南廠界達標(biāo)達標(biāo)續(xù)環(huán)境質(zhì)量狀況由表3可知,各測點晝、夜Leq均能達到GB3096—93Ⅱ類標(biāo)準要求,聲環(huán)境質(zhì)量良好,有較大的聲環(huán)境容量。其中:,非農(nóng)業(yè)人口42144人。洛河發(fā)源于陜西省洛南縣洛源鄉(xiāng)木盆溝村,從XX縣徐家灣鄉(xiāng)小河口村入XX縣境,貫穿于崤山和熊耳山之間,流至XX范里鎮(zhèn)山河口后流入洛寧縣境,洛河河面的平均寬度為160余米,水足量大,在XX境內(nèi)流域長112公里,境內(nèi)流域面積2164平方公里,河床比降1:435,多年平均流量為40立方米/秒。2239。表4 本工程用水一覽表序號類別噸/日噸/年1生產(chǎn)用水829202生活用水1803小計31004消防用水 一次火災(zāi)用水量15升/秒續(xù)建設(shè)項目基本情況鍋 爐燙 毛沖豬舍1.0屠宰沖地坪生活用水污水處理城市污水處理廠圖1 項目水平衡圖洛河 單位:t/d 9 采暖,擬安裝一臺2 t/h蒸汽鍋爐,鍋爐產(chǎn)汽用于燙毛和辦公區(qū)冬季采暖。可安排18人就業(yè),具有良好的經(jīng)濟效益、環(huán)境效益和社會效益。 39。 she answered.Lesson30Pilatus Porter39。Le