【正文】 that is, they each express a proposition or are about a particular state of affairs. This inherent intentionality (also called “meaning”, “content”, and “semantic character” 語義學特征 ), is monly regarded as something special about beliefs and other propositional attitudes. AND WHY FOLK PSYCHOLOGY IS WRONG, ACCORDING TO ELIMINATIVISM? ? Eliminative materialists argue that the central tes of folk psychology radically misdescribe cognitive processes。 Haldane, 1988。LECTURE FOUR ELIMINATIVE MATERIALISM 取消式唯物主義（或譯為“消除式唯物主義”） SOME WORDS ON THE LAST LECTURE? I mentioned the term “supervenience” in the last lecture, and maybe not all of you have gotten the very idea of it. Don’t mind it now, I believe that we have other chances to talk it later. But this video may be related to this topic, although the title of the video is literally on the movie Inception. Here is the link for watching it online: (The interview is in Chinese) THE FIRST APPROXIMATION TO ELIMINATIVE MATERIALISM (對取消式唯物主義的權(quán)宜性表達 ) Eliminative materialism (or eliminativism 取消主義 ) is the radical claim that our ordinary, monsense understanding of the mind is deeply wrong and that some or all of the mental states posited by monsense do not actually exist. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ELIMINATIVE MATERIALISM AND THE MIND/BRAIN IDENTITY THEORY (I) According to identity theory, we can legitimately talk about mind, but we need to keep the very fact in mind that any talk about metal states is just another way of talking about the corresponding brain states. Parallel to this case: it is fairly okay to talk about water, but you need to know that water is nothing but H2O. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ELIMINATIVE MATERIALISM AND THE MIND/BRAIN IDENTITY THEORY (II) According to eliminative materialism, we cannot legitimately talk about mind, and we need to keep the very fact in mind that any talk about the mental states is nonsense, and hence should be eliminated, rather than be reduced to another vocabulary (say, of the brain states). Parallel to these cases: it is wildly wrong to talk about Phlogiston (燃素 ) in modern chemistry or ether(以太 is the term used to describe a medium for the propagation of light) in modern physics, since they do not exist at all. By the way, the Michelson– Morley experiment (麥克爾遜 — 默雷實驗 ) was performed in 1887 by Albert Michelson and Edward Morley in Cleveland, Ohio. Its results are generally considered to be the first strong evidence against the theory of ether. SO THE CONCLUSION IS: ELIMINATIVE MATERIALISM IS DEFINITELY MORE RADIAL THAN IDENTITY THEORY, INCLUDING TYPETOTYPE IDENTITY THEROY AND TOKENTOTOKEN THEORY. BUT WHAT DOES “ RADICAL” MEAN IN THIS CONTEXT? How radical a species of materialism is, is measured in terms of how remote it is from dualism. In this sense, the tokentotoken identity theory is the least radical one, the eliminative mate