【正文】 從課題的選擇到項(xiàng)目的最終完成，老師都始終給予我細(xì)心的指導(dǎo)和不懈的支持。[18] 驗(yàn)算壓力損失本文中主要驗(yàn)算擺動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)中氣缸進(jìn)氣口處的損失是否在允許范圍內(nèi)。本文中氣缸的調(diào)節(jié)均選用三位五通電磁換向閥 .對(duì)氣囊機(jī)構(gòu)中換向閥選擇235QDLT?本設(shè)計(jì)中選用二位二通電磁換向閥因氣缸要求壓力、流量 ，選換向閥的通徑為 3mm, 二位二通電磁換向閥選 ，選用 KPL3. 消聲器的選擇由于氣缸、氣閥等元件在通入高壓氣流使其工作時(shí)排氣速度快，氣體體積急劇膨脹，會(huì)產(chǎn)生刺耳的噪聲，這種噪聲損害人體的健康，惡化環(huán)境，為減小噪音通常在排氣口安裝消聲器。啟動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的性能就由這些基本回路所決定。（2）推雪鏟翻擺時(shí)的極限應(yīng)該有一定限制，因?yàn)榉冗^(guò)大可能使設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)性能達(dá)不到使用要求，產(chǎn)生死點(diǎn)，推雪鏟不能及時(shí)回落（3）根據(jù)我國(guó)道路狀況所知，自動(dòng)越障高度 H 應(yīng)控制在 100mm 左右。鏟板曲面的作用在于旋移和推運(yùn)積雪。[11] 鏟雪板結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)確定1. 推雪鏟材料推雪鏟的工作環(huán)境，就局限它選的材料，由于是與積雪地面等介質(zhì)接觸的第一結(jié)構(gòu)，所以我們所取的材料應(yīng)該夠足夠的耐磨性，強(qiáng)度和剛度。[12] 機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)方案在這次除雪機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)中，我選擇呢氣缸驅(qū)動(dòng)，從人文角度出發(fā)，環(huán)保，高效，易于操作。(2)結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、層次清晰、比例協(xié)調(diào)這方便我們要運(yùn)用科學(xué)的分布，盡可能的使系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)單并且充分高效地運(yùn)用內(nèi)部空間。材料就是能達(dá)到我們預(yù)期的使用要求，能達(dá)到尺寸要求等。除雪機(jī)也是，應(yīng)向一機(jī)多用方向發(fā)展。除此之外，我國(guó)除雪機(jī)的躲避功能不是很理想。 國(guó)內(nèi)外除雪機(jī)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀（一）國(guó)外除雪機(jī)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀國(guó)外發(fā)展除雪機(jī)械已經(jīng)有幾十年了，北歐國(guó)家特別是瑞典和芬蘭已經(jīng)發(fā)展的相當(dāng)成熟。本文研究的主要目的是通過(guò)對(duì)氣力式小型除雪機(jī)進(jìn)行整體設(shè)計(jì)，主要對(duì)鏟雪裝置進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及氣力傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)，從而設(shè)計(jì)出一種規(guī)模小氣動(dòng)式清雪車(chē)，用于工作環(huán)境，家庭，社區(qū)道路積雪的清除，從而方便人們出行，免去可預(yù)知的安全問(wèn)題。s daily life. At present, our country except in limited several highways and airports are equipped with the snow clearing machinery, other roads and urban residents living areas of snow also rely mainly on human to clear, but because of artificial snow removal efficiency is very low, the timeconsuming, so the vast majority of snow can only rely on the natural melt, this makes the most area of our country the north in a heavy snow, road traffic accidents occur frequently, which cause enormous economic losses and casualties, and some local traffic even because of snow and blockage phenomenon, to the residents of these areas of life has brought great inconvenience, also had a negative effect on the economic development of the region. Therefore, realize the mechanization of the snow removing is important.Keywords: Pneumatic type Except design snow machine Cylinder西安思源學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）III目錄1 緒論 .........................................................................................................................5 本課題研究的意義與目的 ................................................................................5 國(guó)內(nèi)外除雪機(jī)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ....................................................................................6 國(guó)內(nèi)除雪機(jī)械的發(fā)展方向 ................................................................................8 本文的工作安排 ..............................................................................................92 氣力式小型除雪機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)的總體方案 ................................................................10 總體設(shè)計(jì)的基本原則及要求 ..........................................................................10 機(jī)構(gòu)的總體設(shè)計(jì)原則 ...............................................................................10 機(jī)構(gòu)總體布置設(shè)計(jì)基本要求 ...................................................................11 除雪機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)方案 .............................................................................................11 總體方案選擇 ...........................................................................................11 機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)方案 .......................................................................................12 本章小結(jié) .........................................................................................................133 除雪鏟機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) ...............................................................................................14 除雪鏟鏟板的設(shè)計(jì) .........................................................................................14 除雪鏟板的示意圖 ...................................................................................14 鏟雪板結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)確定 ...............................................................................15 前鏟機(jī)械避障裝置設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................17 避障機(jī)構(gòu)的方案 .....................................................................................17 避障機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) .....................................................................................184 氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與校核 ...............................................................................21 氣動(dòng)傳動(dòng)原理 .................................................................................................21 氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)元件的選擇 .....................................................................................22 氣缸的選擇 ...............................................................................................22 空壓機(jī)的選擇 ...........................................................................................23西安思源學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）IV 控制元件的選擇 ..............................................................