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參考文獻(xiàn)[1] :北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社,2003: 80102[2] 殷洪義. :機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2006: 181200[3] :華南里工大學(xué)出版社,1997:115[4] :化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2000:3845[5] :人民郵電出版社,2004:172185[6] :化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2003:19[7] :化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2004:2026[8] . 北京:化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2005:122[9] :電子工業(yè)出版社,2004:81309[10] :機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,1986:4749[11] ::13[12] (氣壓傳動).北京:化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,2004:89118[13] (氣動機(jī)械手), 1999,(5):1316[14] ,2003(2):6162.[15] . :3738 [16] 史國生,崔洪斌,梁雪春. . :2528[17] 葉愛芹,袁金強(qiáng). : 6465[18] 羅庚合,蔡霞. :79[19] 王麗偉,劉軒. :3536[20] 西門子(中國)有限公司[21] Position Control Carrier Tape Based on PLC,Gao Fei,電氣自動化,2006:3[22] S7200 Programmable Controller System Manual 2005:3致 謝結(jié)束本文之際,作者謹(jǐn)向恩師遼寧工業(yè)大學(xué)信息科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院梅麗鳳副教授致以崇高的敬意和由衷的感謝。機(jī)械手1啟動按鈕合停止按鈕同時按下,PLC轉(zhuǎn)為停止?fàn)顟B(tài)。當(dāng),=1(總停止按鈕閉合);=0;=0;=0;=0(工作臺A物品檢測開關(guān)閉合);=0(工作臺B物品檢測開關(guān)閉合)。=0(夾放電磁閥斷開);=1(左旋限位開關(guān)閉合);=1(下降限位開關(guān)閉合);=0(上升電磁閥斷開),則定時器T56啟動定時。 梯形圖=1(夾放電磁閥閉合);=1(右旋限位開關(guān)閉合);=1(下降限位開關(guān)閉合);=0(上升電磁閥斷開),則定時器T53啟動定時。機(jī)械手1右旋限位開關(guān)SQ8,機(jī)械手2下降限位開關(guān)SQ9,機(jī)械手2夾緊檢測開關(guān)SQ10,機(jī)械手2上升限位開關(guān)SQ11,分別連接擴(kuò)展模塊EM221(1)–。同時它具有功能齊全的編程和工業(yè)控制組態(tài)軟件,使得在完成控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計時更加簡單,其速度快,具有極強(qiáng)的通信能力,幾乎可以完成任何功能的控制任務(wù)。智能型的編程器又稱圖形編程器,它可以聯(lián)機(jī)編程,也可以脫機(jī)編程,具有LCD或CRT圖形顯示功能,可以直接輸入梯形圖和通過屏幕對話其他部分有些PLC還可配有EPROM寫入器、存儲器等其他外部設(shè)備。用戶存儲器的大小關(guān)系到用戶程序容量的大小,是反映PLC性能的重要指標(biāo)之一。PLC與其他智能控制設(shè)備一起,可以組成“集中管理、分散控制”的分布式控制系統(tǒng)??煽啃愿?,抗干擾能力強(qiáng)。第5步是機(jī)械手夾緊物品下降。機(jī)械手的全部動作由氣缸驅(qū)動,氣缸由電磁閥控制,整個機(jī)械手在工作中能實(shí)現(xiàn)上升/下降、左旋轉(zhuǎn)/右旋轉(zhuǎn)、夾緊/放松功能,是目前較為簡單的、應(yīng)用比較廣泛的一種機(jī)械手。 各種控制方式的比較項目氣壓傳動液壓傳動電氣傳動機(jī)械傳動系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)簡單復(fù)雜復(fù)雜較復(fù)雜安裝自由度大大中小輸出力稍大大小不太大定位精度一般一般很高高續(xù)表 動作速度大稍大大小響應(yīng)速度慢快快中清潔度清潔可能污染清潔較清潔維護(hù)簡單比氣動復(fù)雜需要專門技術(shù)簡單價格一般稍高高一般技術(shù)要求較低較高最高較低控制自由度大大中小危險性幾乎沒問題注意火一般無問題無特殊問題氣動機(jī)械手是在己有的機(jī)械手基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來的?!癙neumatics”一詞起源于希臘文的“Pneuma”,其原義為“呼吸”,后來才一演變成“氣動技術(shù)”。機(jī)械手作業(yè)的準(zhǔn)確性和各種環(huán)境中完成作業(yè)的能力,在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)各領(lǐng)域有著廣闊的發(fā)展前景。機(jī)械手由氣缸驅(qū)動,氣缸受電磁閥控制。關(guān)鍵詞:可編程控制器(PLC);氣動機(jī)械手;梯形圖;CPU224;AbstractDevelops a technical performance fine control system for the industry manipulator, regarding enhances the industry manipulator39。機(jī)械手?jǐn)U大了人的手足和大腦功能,它可替代人從事危險、有害、有毒、低溫和高熱等惡劣環(huán)境中的工作;代替人完成繁重、單調(diào)的重復(fù)勞動,提高勞動生產(chǎn)率,保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。由于電機(jī)速度高,通常須采用減速機(jī)構(gòu)(如諧波傳動、RV擺線針輪傳動、齒輪傳動、螺旋傳動和多桿機(jī)構(gòu)等)?;闹饕蝿?wù)是支撐和完成手臂回轉(zhuǎn)。 氣動搬運(yùn)機(jī)械手群工作原理當(dāng)系統(tǒng)工作開始時,工作臺A上有物品時,機(jī)械手1首先工作,完成8個基本操作后(即一個循環(huán)),把物品放在工作臺B上,機(jī)械手2便啟動工作,同樣完成一個循環(huán)后,把物品放在工作臺C上,機(jī)械手3啟動工作,這樣3個機(jī)械手不斷的循環(huán)工作;當(dāng)系統(tǒng)工作結(jié)束時,機(jī)械手1首先完成一個循環(huán)后停止,然后機(jī)械手機(jī)械手3也順序依次停止工作。并通過數(shù)字式、模擬式的輸入和輸出,控制各種類型的機(jī)械或生產(chǎn)過程。例如:注塑機(jī)械、印刷機(jī)械、訂書機(jī)械、包裝機(jī)械、切紙機(jī)械、組合機(jī)床、磨床、裝配生產(chǎn)線、電鍍流水線及電梯控制。系統(tǒng)程序質(zhì)量的好壞,很大程度上決定了PLC的性能,其內(nèi)容主要包括三部分。12V、24V等直流電源,使PLC能正常工作。;。由于本系統(tǒng)的具有27點(diǎn)輸入/15點(diǎn)輸出,CPU224不能滿足本系統(tǒng)的要求,所以擴(kuò)展8點(diǎn)DC輸入EM221兩個,用于數(shù)字開關(guān)量的輸入,擴(kuò)展8點(diǎn)繼電器輸出EM222一個,用于繼電器的輸出。機(jī)械手3啟動按鈕SB8,機(jī)械手3停止按鈕SB9,工作臺B物品檢測開關(guān)SQ2,工作臺C物品檢測開關(guān)SQ3,–。 機(jī)械手2控制程序=1(上升限位開關(guān)閉合);=1(右旋限位開關(guān)閉合);=0(上升電磁閥斷開):=0(左旋電磁閥斷開),=1(下降電磁閥閉合);=1(輔助繼電器)。=1(左旋電磁閥閉合);=1(上升限位開關(guān)閉合);=1(左旋限位開關(guān)閉合),=0(左旋電磁閥斷開)=0(上升電磁閥斷開)=1(下降電磁閥閉合)。啟動定時器T62定時。完成了電氣控制系統(tǒng)硬件和PLC外部接線的設(shè)計。 a slave never initiates a request. For most networks, the S7200 functions as a slave. As a slave device, the S7200 responds to requests from a network master device, such as an operator panel or STEP 7Micro/WIN.Setting the Baud Rate and Network AddressThe speed that data is transmitted across the network is the baud rate, which is typically measured in units of kilobaud (kbaud) or megabaud (Mbaud). The baud rate measures how much data can be transmitted within a given amount of time. For example, a baud rate of kbaud describes a transmission rate of 19,200 bits per second.Every device that municates over a given network must be configured to transmit data at the same baud rate. Therefore, the fastest baud rate for the network is determined by the slowest device connected to the 71 lists the baud rates supported by the S7200.Table 71 Baud Rates Supported by the S7200NetworkBaud RateStandard Network kbaud to kbaudUsing an EM 277 kbaud to 12 MbaudFreeport Mode1200 baud to kbaudThe network address is a unique number that you assign to each device on the network. The unique network address ensures that the data is transferred to or retrieved from the correct device. The S7200 supports network addresses from 0 to 126. For an S7200 with two ports, each port has a network address. Table 72 lists the default (factory) settings for the S7200 devices.Table 72 Default Addresses for S7200 DevicesS7200 DeviceDefault AddressSTEP 7Micro/WIN0HMI (TD 200, TP, or OP)1S7200 CPU2Setting the Baud Rate and Network Address for STEP 7Micro/WINYou must configure the baud rate and network address for STEP 7Micro/WIN. The baud rate must be the same as the other devices on the network, and the network address must be unique. Typically, you do not change the network address (0) for STEP 7Micro/WIN. If your network includes another programming package, you might need to change the network address for STEP 7Micro/WIN.As shown in Figure 73, configuring the baud rate and network address for STEP 7Micro/WIN is simple. After you click the Communications icon in the Navigation bar, you perform the following steps:1\234Figure 73 Configuring STEP 7Micro/WIN1. Doubleclick the icon in the Communications Setup window.2. Click the Properties button on the Set PG/PC Interface dialog box.3. Select the network address for STEP 7Micro/WIN.4. Select the baud rate for STEP 7Micro/WIN.Setting the Baud Rate and Network Address for the S7200You must also configure the baud rate and network address for the S7200. The system block of the S7200 stores the baud rate and network address. After you select the parameters for the S7200, you must download the system block to the S7200.The default baud rate for each S7200 port is kbaud, and the default network address is 2.As shown in Figure 74, use STEP 7Micro/WIN to set the baud rate and network address for the S7200. After you select the System Block icon in the Navigation bar or select the View Co