【正文】 充分考慮建設(shè)項(xiàng)目在未來的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力 ,設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)的科學(xué)性和可靠性。投資決策階段的投資項(xiàng)目 ,估計(jì)是一個(gè)重要的決策依據(jù)。一般來說 ,預(yù)算是基于國(guó)家直接參與管理的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)作為先決條件，企業(yè)并不是實(shí)際的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體。s many problems have also exposed. Generally speaking, the budget estimate is based on direct participation in the management of national economic 7 activity as a precondition. enterprise is not the actual economic entities. Due to the characteristics of the planned economy, and, at the time under the conditions of productivity, will inevitably bee a shortage in the economy. In severe shortage of modities under the conditions, as long as a certain level of investment, will be certain outputs. In this environment, the project planning and technical argumentation there can be no economic analysis. State control of the project cost constitute key factors equipment and materials prices, wages and taxes of artificial distribution. In this relatively stable economic environment, the budget estimate for the system approved project cost, help the government to carry out investment plans to play a major role. As the socialist market economic system established, requires us to predict project investment and control. In recent years, international investment project developed to the requirements of prior precontrol and in the middle of control. China, the traditional practice in an objective light on the cause decisionmaking, implementation heavy, light the economy and technology, First, the consequences of victimization Due to the technical personnel of the project technical and economic concepts and a weak awareness of cost control, cost management makes the quality difficult to raise. Project Cost control is difficult to achieve longterm goals. Second, the various stages of the project management view of the above circumstances, My first academia in the 1980s made the whole process of cost management and control concept, building departments will study the feasibility of projects and the budgets and final accounts to two extended at the request of the corresponding regulations put our cost management concepts and methods referred to a new height. Our task now is to be modern and cost management in line with China39。 各自承擔(dān)不同的任務(wù)難免會(huì)互相干擾，再加上施工場(chǎng)地布置得不明確或考慮不周到，施工過程中就有可能占用其他隊(duì)伍的施工場(chǎng)地，影響其他隊(duì)伍的施工 進(jìn)度 ， 甚至 會(huì)產(chǎn)生糾紛。 ⑥ 充分利用正式工程，節(jié)省暫設(shè)工程的開支 。由于本次參觀的工程項(xiàng)目都屬于 多 層建筑，因此在豎向布置上的要求體現(xiàn)得并不多。 10. 招投標(biāo)中出現(xiàn)的壟斷現(xiàn)象。建筑市場(chǎng)經(jīng)過多次整頓雖然取得了一定成效，但違規(guī)行為從公開 轉(zhuǎn) 到隱蔽 ，從個(gè)別人 “ 一錘定音 ” 到整個(gè)招投標(biāo)過程不正當(dāng)?shù)?“ 系列操作 ” ，形成了程序上的合法而實(shí)質(zhì)上滲透著腐敗 的更加嚴(yán)重的情況 。 1 畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí) 報(bào)告 一、引言 學(xué)期伊始，在學(xué)院安排和導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下，我們進(jìn)行了為期兩周的畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)。這種狀況不予以整治危害性 將 更 加重 大， 并會(huì) 使建筑市場(chǎng) 長(zhǎng)期 處于非良性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)，危害行業(yè)的健康發(fā)展。這也是現(xiàn)今的建筑招投標(biāo)中常常出現(xiàn)而且危害比較嚴(yán)重的一種現(xiàn)象。 （ 3） 柱網(wǎng)的布置 柱是框架結(jié)構(gòu)最 主要 的 豎向受力構(gòu)件， 故而 柱網(wǎng)的布置對(duì)整個(gè)建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的 承重 功能和力學(xué)性能有 著 至關(guān)重要 的影響 。 ⑦ 施工總平面圖的總體布置和施工組織總設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)劃應(yīng)協(xié)調(diào)一致、互為補(bǔ)充。許多材料、機(jī)械 設(shè)備 需要存放，進(jìn)行施工場(chǎng)地平面布置時(shí)如 果 欠 缺 考慮，就可能出現(xiàn)存放位置占用建筑物的設(shè)計(jì)位置等 問題 。s national conditions of the market economy system goal, learn from the advanced experience of the developed countries, and establish sound market economic laws of project cost management system, efforts to increase the project cost levels. An investment decisionmaking phase of the project cost management construction project investment decisionmaking stage is proposed project proposals。由于的計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)的特點(diǎn) ,并在當(dāng)時(shí)的生產(chǎn)力條件下 ,必將發(fā) 展成為短缺經(jīng)濟(jì)。它直接影響到國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)及財(cái)務(wù)分析結(jié)果的可靠性和準(zhǔn)確性。 3）資金必須有正式的承諾文件 ,各方必須做投資資金到位 , 基金必須有文件 ,以確?？梢耘鷾?zhǔn)立項(xiàng)后 ,原定執(zhí)行。 2）實(shí)事求是的態(tài)度 ,市場(chǎng)分析 ,以避免盲目性 ,對(duì)項(xiàng)目決策 ,減少和降低投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。