【正文】 is that there39。 while American is used to put it at the end. In formal situation, English speakers are used to call men as “Mister”, married women as “Misses” and unmarried women as “Miss”. If the person has an . or PhD, they will often be called as Doctor(abbreviated as Dr.). In informal situation, English speakers’ address is more casual than China’s. For example, in the university of USA, professor used to ask their students to address his name instead of using “Dr” to keep the keen relationships. But in China, addressing the elder’ name directly is regarded to be impolite. Sometimes, English speakers introduce each other by first name without titles. If you are introduced to somebody by first name, you can address him or her by first name the next time you meet. 4 . Compliments and Response English and Chinese cultures are at polar opposites about pliment. In Chinese culture, the Chinese people regard modesty as a traditional virtue. So they will always accept others pliments with modest attitude. However, The Englishspeaking people are more active to praise others and to be praise than Chinese people。ll be able to get together again before long… But in Chinese society, people strongly emphasize that to consider things from the party angle. So Chinese leavetaking is very short and quick, such as you are busy, so I will be off and don’t interfere with you. With these words, they may stand up from their seats and prepare to leave. But Englishspeaking people think it so abrupt that they have not prepare for it. . Address Both English and Chinese people have two kinds of personal namesa family name and a given name. But the order and the use of these names in the two languages are somewhat different. So for the beginner of English, English address is not so easy to learn. Because of the culture differences, Chinese often put the family name in the first place。s your weight?、 Do you go to the church？ . Invitation and Saying GoodBye In the culture of English , it is very important to consult a time before you invite somebody to attend a party or take part in social activities. Especially. in America, invite somebody means you are borrow times of others. So they respect time very much. While in China, people are preferred to an uninvited guest. And otherwise, you will be thought unfriendly if you cannot receive an uninvited guest very well. . Idioms As different cultures entail different language expressions, and culturalrelated idioms and proverbs should be intelligible through studying the culture itself. For example, in English, people would use “dog” in many idioms such as “l(fā)uck dog”, “clever dog” to express something good because they believe dog is their best friend, but in China we may use dog for something bad, In China people may refer bull as hardworking people but in America, it may just describe a person with an irritable characteristic. Still, we can find many different language expressions connected with the culture. Such as the color words, “blue” in China may suggests a sentimental or unhappy feeling while a blue book in America is a book with wellknown names. 7 2. Differences in Custom Culture . Colors Chinese have saying of “紅白喜事 ”, it is not difficult to understand “紅喜 ” once connected red with having a baby, marriage or birthday congratulations etc which westerners call “the redletter day”. But they couldn39。re very sorry to ignore your custom of avoiding “thirteen”, but you know, there is a fable in China. Once there was a man, the more he thought of the ghost, the more to look for ghost, the ghost also disappeared unexpectedly… So the number “thirteen” in your culture is like the ghost in Chinese, such word help to dispel the misgivings and anger of foreigners. This example gives us such a truth that if we take ignorance of culture differences between China and foreign countries, it is unavoidable to appear the embarrassed cases intranscultural munications. This is limited and regulated by the development of long history of each culture, which shouldn39。s behavior in social activities. . Communicating with native speakers Foreign language learners can go to English Corners to learn culture. While munication with people from the other culture, students are easily hesitating to speak. When a westerner greets Chinese people, some to them pretend that they have not heard of it, or bow their head keeping silent. Some of them smile shyly and quickly go away. All these would make the westerner embarrassed. So Chinese must try to talk to westerners and take advantage of every opportunity to talk with foreign teachers and students available in a relaxed atmosphere. They will benefit from such talks since they can not only practice language, but also observe native speakers39。 語言與文化互相影響，互相作用 。 【關(guān)鍵詞】 文化、語言、語言交際、文化習(xí)慣、產(chǎn)生原因