【正文】 。如果您看過《變矩器是如何工作的》，就知道變矩器的鎖止的情況。 第三檔 絕大多數(shù)的自動變速器在第三檔 是 1： 1 的速比。 2021屆 機械設計制造及其自動化 專業(yè) 外文翻譯 20 第二檔 變速器做一些單獨的事情來獲得二檔所需的傳動比。而只有左邊的行星輪與內(nèi)齒圈嚙合。這個行星齒輪系 還可以得到其他很多的速比，而剛才的這些速比僅和我們的自動變速器有 關。 哪些組成充當何種角色取決于行星齒輪系的速度比。在這些零件中有： ? 一個精巧的行星齒輪系 ? 一套 鎖止齒輪的鋼帶 ? 三個鎖住另外一些 齒輪的 濕式片式離合器 ? 控制離合器和 鋼帶的 復雜液壓系統(tǒng) ? 為變速器 提供液壓 的 齒輪泵 關注的重點是行星齒輪系 。 您大概從未 嘗試 僅 使用 第三檔駕駛一輛手動 變速的 汽車。 自動變速器中沒有離合器踏板 s a speed increase the opposite of a reduction. In this transmission, engaging the overdrive acplishes two things at once. If you read How Torque Converters Work, you learned about lockup torque converters. In order to improve efficiency, some cars have a mechanism that locks up the torque converter so that the output of the engine goes straight to the transmission. 2021屆 機械設計制造及其自動化 專業(yè) 外文翻譯 9 In this transmission, when overdrive is engaged, a shaft that is attached to the housing of the torque converter (which is bolted to the flywheel of the engine) is connected by clutch to the pla carrier. The small sun gear freewheels, and the larger sun gear is held by the overdrive band. Nothing is connected to the turbine。 carrier ? The ring gear Each of these three ponents can be the input, the output or can be held stationary. Choosing which piece plays which role determines the gear ratio for the gearset. Let39。ll start with the key to the whole system: plaary gearsets. Then we39。ve probably never tried driving a manual transmission car using only third gear. If you did, you39。s look at some of the parts: How the gears in the transmission are put together Left to right: the ring gear, pla carrier, and two sun gears The figure below shows the plas in the pla carrier. Notice how the pla on the right sits lower than the pla on the left. The pla on the right does not engage the ring gear it engages the other pla. Only the pla on the left engages the ring gear. 2021屆 機械設計制造及其自動化 專業(yè) 外文翻譯 6 Pla carrier: Note the two sets of plas. Next you can see the inside of the pla carrier. The shorter gears are engaged only by the smaller sun gear. The longer plas are engaged by the bigger sun gear and by the smaller plas. Inside the pla carrier: Note the two sets of plas. 2021屆 機械設計制造及其自動化 專業(yè) 外文翻譯 7 Automatic Transmission Gears First Gear In first gear, the smaller sun gear is driven clockwise by the turbine in the torque converter. The pla carrier tries to spin counterclockwise, but is held still by the oneway clutch (which only allows rotation in the clockwise direction) and the ring gear turns the output. The small gear has 30 teeth and the ring gear has 72, so the gear ratio is: Ratio = R/S = 72/30 = :1 So the rotation is negative :1, which means that the output direction would be opposite the input direction. But the output direction is really the same as the input direction this is where the trick with the two sets of plas es in. The first set of plas engages the second set, and the second set turns the ring gear。s summarize the gear ratios, inputs and outputs: Gear Input Output Fixed Gear Ratio 1st 30tooth sun 72tooth ring Pla carrier :1 2nd 30tooth sun Pla carrier 36tooth ring :1 Pla carrier 72tooth ring 36tooth sun :1 Total 2nd :1 3rd 30 and 36tooth suns 72tooth ring :1 OD Pla carrier 72tooth ring 36tooth sun :1 Reverse 36tooth sun 72tooth ring Pla carrier :1 2021屆 機械設計制造及其自動化 專業(yè) 外文翻譯 10 After reading these sections, you are probably wondering how the different inputs get connected and disconnected. This is done by a series of clutches and bands inside the transmission. In the next section, we39。最終證實，自動變速器的工作方式令人驚異。 因此 變速器 是 利用齒輪來更有效地利用發(fā)動的扭矩 的 ，并且使得發(fā)動機工作在適當?shù)乃俣?。這套裝置曾經(jīng)出現(xiàn)在《材料的工作方式》中 。我們可以從中的到很多不同的速比。下一部分內(nèi) 容我們將這兩個齒輪系組裝在一起。 行星 架 將自動做逆時針轉動 ，但是 被離合器阻止了（離合器只允許單向旋轉），從而內(nèi)齒圈變成 了 輸出。所以第一級包括太陽輪（小太陽輪）、 行星架 和“內(nèi)齒圈”（大太陽輪） 。 如果兩個太陽輪以同一方向旋轉，行星輪則被鎖定，因為它們 反向旋轉。我們回顧一下，此時行星架作為輸入，太陽輪固定，而內(nèi)齒圈作為輸出。在下一部分中，我們將看到 它 們是如何工作的。讓我們看一下鋼帶。當油壓降低 時 ，彈簧確保離合器分離 后 回復原位。 注：本文來源 :