【正文】 ent is includes primary election, the popular vote, the Electoral primary election is the first is time for the party candidates won the presidential candidate of their own the primary election, the candidate will spend huge amounts of money on electoral journey, petition on advertisement, electoral speeches and public most states, they work on “winner win all”.It means if one wins the most votes of will gain all the votes of these elections for the president are not decided directly by the popular vote, instead under the Electoral of the fifty states influence on the results equals its both candidates gain 269 votes, or neither of them gains 270 votes, the president will be determined by the Civil War:In the early 1800s, the Northern states turned from farming to slavery soon disappeared in the things were different in the South expanded both its agriculture and its problem of slavery became a serious political abolitionists tried to abolish slavery while the South tried to keep Abraham Lincoln was elected President, the Southern states broke away and formed a new Lincoln was determined to maintain the Union and the war broke out on April 12, 1861, Lincoln realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against he issued Emancipation England and France stood by the Union’s black slaves joined the Union a series of battles, Robert Lee could no longer hold surrendered on April 9, Civil War of Powers:The American constitutional system includes a notion known as the Separation of this system, 3 branches of government are created and power is shared between the same time, the powers of one branch can be challenged by another is what the system of checks and balances is all are three branches in the United States government as established by the , the Legislative branch makes the , the Executive branch executes the , the Judicial branch interprets the branch has an effect on the other.第三篇：英美國家概況總結(jié)英國概況 英格蘭面積最大 蘇格蘭，愛丁堡為首府威爾士，加的夫，Cardiff為首府 北愛爾蘭，貝爾法斯特Belfast為首府倫敦，UK首都，皇家法庭royal courts of justice 及圣保羅大教堂st paul’s cathedral在這里。merchants would be allowed to move about the King attempted to free himself from the law, the vassals had the right to force him to obey the law by every means possible, even by means of a civil is regarded as the foundation of the British .“Alevel”:Alevel—is an academic qualification offered by educational bodies in the United Kingdom and the British Crown dependencies to students pleting secondary or preuniversity Fathers:The first English immigrants who came to America by the ship Mayflower in came to the America to run away from the religious persecution in landed the America from Plymouth and settled down in this :“WASP” stands for White AngloSaxon is considered the basis of the mainstream culture of the United people who settled in the 13 North American colonies were mostly white European Protestant United States was founded and formed largely by Street:Wall Street is the financial district of New York City, named after and centered on the eightblocklong, miles( km)long street running from Broadway to South Street on the East River in Lower time, the term has bee a metonym for the financial markets of the United States as a whole, the American financial sector(even if financial firms are not physically located there), or signifying New Yorkbased financial Day:Independence Day, monly known as the Fourth of July, is a federal holiday in the United States celebrating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, declaring independence from the Kingdom of Great :Hollywood is the US film industry is located in Los Angeles, are big movie panies, including the Warner , Universal Studios, Columbia Pictures, and Paramount annual Oscar Award held there attracts the attention of the world。伊麗莎白一世時(shí)期，伊麗莎白為女王統(tǒng)治英國，她是基督教徒，大力推行新教，從此英國都是信奉新教。王朝復(fù)辟 The Restoration 克倫威爾死后，兒子Richard 繼位，但是統(tǒng)治失敗，議會選擇讓上代國王流放法國的兒子King Charles 二世回歸。樞密院 the Privy Council，是國家執(zhí)行力機(jī)構(gòu)，chief source of executive power in the state,可追溯到King’s Council 司法特點(diǎn)：no single legal system, no plete code,法律的來源包括：statutes法令，大量的mon law，equity law衡平法，european munity law。1950s民權(quán)運(yùn)動the civil rights movement 羅莎?帕克Rosa Parks,一位黑人女性，阿拉巴馬，她拒絕給白人讓座，被捕。因?yàn)樵侥蠎?zhàn)爭，美國國力下降，社會分歧，形象下降。參議院100人，每個(gè)州來兩人，眾議院基于每個(gè)州的人口比例設(shè)立席位。: A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are pared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as, as in How like the winter hath my absence been or So are you to my thoughts as food to life(Shakespeare).明喻,一種修辭手法，把兩種基本不相像的東西進(jìn)行比較，通常在由 like或 as引導(dǎo)的短語中，如 “我的離開好象是冬天來臨”或“你對我的思想就象食物對于生命一樣重要”（莎士比亞）: A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit parison, as in a sea of troubles or All the world39。s principal financial :is a district in the central region of Los Angeles, California, in the United is notable for its place as the home of the entertainment industry, including several of its historic name has e to represent the motion picture industry of the United is also a highly ethnically diverse, densely populated, economically diverse neighborhood and retail business was a small munity in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in merged with the City of Los Angeles in 1910, and soon thereafter a film industry began to emerge, eventually being dominant in the Fathers: is a name monly applied to early settlers of the Plymouth Colony inpresentday Plymouth, Massachusetts, United leadership came from the religious congregations of Brownist English Dissenters who had fled the volatile political environment in England for the relative calm and tolerance of 16th–17th century Holland in the with losing their cultural identity, the group later arranged with English investors to establish a new colony in North Charter:Magna Carta(Latin for Great Charter), also called Magna Carta Libertatum or T