【正文】 ck ascent of the social ladder.14. Actually, persons in status societies who are secure in their niches （適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫゛re allowed more eccentricity than Americans, who rely heavily on signals that other people like them.15. When half the population goes to college, one cannot expect the colleges to maintain the same standards as in countries where only the elite attend.16. Just as not every Japanese is hardworking and deferential to superiors （長(zhǎng)者、上司）, not every Chinese is devoted to family, not every American is ambitious or patriotic – or even unsophisticated.17. No one could seriously think that anyone who grows up poor, lives in a bad neighborhood, and attends an inferior school has an opportunity equal to that of someone more favored.18. Americans may not have achieved equality, but at least they aspire to it, which is more than many other nations can claim.19. In many countries, when jobs bee available for young people in distant cities, when television begins to dominate home life, when ready – made foods appear in the markets, the culture appears more “American” – although the resemblance could be entirely superficial.20. Someone who looks around or down appears shifty （不可靠的）to Americans, although in fact one doesn’t stare continuously at the other person, but glances elsewhere every few seconds.21. When the demand for something is greater than its supply, producers and suppliers will sense the possibility of making a profit – the excess of revenues over expenses is the profit.22. As the case illustrates, petition takes four general forms: pure petition, monopoly, monopolistic petition, and oligopoly（少數(shù)制造商對(duì)市場(chǎng)的控制）.23. The classic example of pure petition occurs with a modity, like wheat or corn, that has so many producers that no one of them can control its selling price.24. A monopoly occurs when one pany alone offers a particular food or service and therefore controls the market and price for it.25. Private restaurants serve gourmet food for $70 per person。 farmers are encouraged to raise as much as they can on their own plots, and some bee almost rich in the process.（注意本句中分號(hào)的使用）26. All these changes in China’s economic life have brought changes in China’s social and cultural life as well, many of which unwanted.27. If productivity measures the efficiency of an economy, a measure of what an economic system produces is its gross national product (GNP), which is the current market value of all final goods and services that a nation produces within a particular period.28. Current wisdom says that （當(dāng)前流行的看法認(rèn)為）if you want a successful product, you need first to perform detailed market analysis, making sure that there are plenty of people who need the new product and that your entry into the market will be able to gain a significant share of that market.29. Started at the turn of the century, 3M ( a giant American pany) has been growing at a healthy rate of about 10 percent a year and it boasts of having 45,000 products on the market.30. An entrepreneur is someone like Tom Monaghan, the man who after brushes with bankruptcy turned Domino’s Pizza into the nation’s fastest – growing franchise chain.31. The extent to which the broadcast media should be censored for offensive language and behavior involves a conflict between our right as individuals to freely express ourselves and the duty of government to protect its citizenry from potential harm.32. Although we may not have conclusive scientific evidence of a cause – effect relationship, ample anecdotal evidence establishes a significant correlation.33. Moreover, both mon sense and our experiences with children inform us that people tend to mimic the language and behavior they are exposed to.34. Those who advocate unbridled individual expression might point out that the right of free speech is intrinsic to a democracy and necessary to its survival.35. In sum, it is in our best interest as a society for the government to censor broadcast media for obscene and offensive language and behavior.36. While individuals have primary responsibility for learning new skills and finding work, both industry and government have some obligation to provide them with the means of doing so.37. The suggested reason for buying the car is obvious: it is the intelligent choice.（注意冒號(hào)的使用）38. In conclusion, I agree that appeals to emotion are more powerful tools than arguments and reasoning for promoting products.39. Advertising is obviously the most influential art form in this cent