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owfaaa高考英語短文改錯常見錯誤類型(更新版)

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【正文】 had guests last night who have not stayed 1. _______  in a Bamp?! ?. allow改為allows。   9. 去掉to?! ?. well前加as。  7. talked改為talk。tell的結(jié)構(gòu)為:tell sb. sth. “告訴某人某事”, 表示直接意義; tell sb. about sth. “告訴某人有關(guān)某事的某些內(nèi)容”, 表示間接意義。s population 3. ________ is starving, because there is not enough food. Ten thousand 4. ________ people die of the hunger every day in some parts of the world. 5. ________ So in other parts of the world, people bee ill or die because 6. ________ they eat too much food, and they are too fat. Some country 7. ________ have no food, but others have too much, and they throw away. 8. ________ How can tomorrow/39。改為現(xiàn)在時, 使其與上下文一致。  4. to改為at。   10. our改為their?! ?. 刪除if。應(yīng)使用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。the Japanese指的是日本人民, 應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。be known for是“因……而眾所周知”的意思; be known as意為“以……知名”。在where引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句中, 主語是謂語動作的承受者, 應(yīng)為被動語態(tài)?! ?. matter前加the。begin和start都有“開始”的意思, 但start還可指開動機器等。  8. devoted改為devote?! ?. 此行無錯。look forward to中的to為介詞, 后面應(yīng)接名詞或動名詞。此處用不定式短語作目的狀語?! ?. good改為well?! ?. It’s改為Its。此句缺少主語, 并且要與上文him保持一致。home是副詞, 前面不能接介詞。動詞時態(tài)錯誤?! ?. do改為did。  2. month改為months。satellite意為“衛(wèi)星”, star多用來指恒星。  4. 此行無錯。非謂語動詞錯誤?! ?. going改為go?! ?. 此行無錯。根據(jù)文章第一句話可知, 此通知發(fā)出者是the Students’ Union?! ?. begins改為begin。令:本文是其他一線教師力作,拿來即用。 文章是作者站在第三方對一個一般現(xiàn)象進行的評論,主體敘事角度與“我”、“我們”無關(guān)?! ?)There are advantage for students to work while  2)studying at school. One of them was that  3)they can earn money. For the most part,  4)students working to earn money for their own  5)use. Earning their own money allow them  6)to spend on anything as if they please.  7)They would have to ask their parents for  8)money or for permission to do things by  9)the money. Some students may also to save  10)up for our college or future use.  通過閱讀全文,我們發(fā)現(xiàn):   以往,短文改錯題是高考英語全國試卷和絕大多數(shù)單獨命題省市試卷的基本題型。I live in Beijing, where is the capital of ,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which作主語。短文改錯中錯詞的誤用名詞單復(fù)數(shù)誤用。如;The box is too heavy for the little boy to carry it .該句型中不定式to carry 邏輯上的賓語就是句子中的主語,所以句中的it是多余,應(yīng)去掉。 look at 。如:He wrote to me immediately as soon as he got there .該句犯了連詞重復(fù)使用的錯誤,應(yīng)去掉immediately.發(fā)現(xiàn)有特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu),就要檢查是否有疑問詞使用不當(dāng)?shù)腻e誤。再根據(jù)基礎(chǔ)知識進行擴散性思考,從而快速找到答案。先易后難,逐類排查。缺詞①名詞前缺限定詞。I was used to watch it 。短文改錯中涉及到固定搭配、習(xí)慣用法常常多用、少用或誤用其中的介詞,有時也涉及到其中的動詞、冠詞的錯誤搭配。平行結(jié)構(gòu)是指用一連串作用和結(jié)構(gòu)相同的或相似的成份表達同一范疇或同一性質(zhì)、密切關(guān)聯(lián)的內(nèi)容。形容詞、副詞的混用及其比較等級的誤用。學(xué)生往往容易忽視定語從句中強調(diào)句型中的主謂一致性。這兩點是解答連詞及其相關(guān)問題的關(guān)鍵所在。) (2)(2004江蘇)that was a dinner we had waited for several month. 85. months (several修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞) (3)(2004全國卷Ⅰ) a few minute on the Internet. 77. minutes (a few修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞) (4)(2005全國卷Ⅱ)But one and a half year later. 79. years (one and a half意思為一年半,故判斷此處year應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式) (5)(2005全國卷Ⅰ)There are advantage for students to work... 76. advantages (從there are 判斷應(yīng)該用名詞復(fù)數(shù)) 3. 句子結(jié)構(gòu) 句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面的錯誤范圍龐大,解答高考英語改錯題主要可以從以下幾方面來思考:1)句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整,成份是否冗缺;2)單詞的詞性與其在句中的功能是否相符;3)主謂一致;4)復(fù)合句中連接主句和從句的關(guān)系詞或引導(dǎo)詞的運用是否得當(dāng)?shù)取9P者對近幾高考英語短文改錯年的高考英語改錯題作了細致的分析并加以歸類后,發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤類型主要集中在以下方面。如固定短語中的詞不能缺,固定搭配要前后一致等。 (1)(2004全國卷Ⅰ)Finding information on the Net is easily. 83. easy (be easy 非常容易,形容詞做表語) (2)(2004福建卷)She called 119 immediate. 84. immediately (副詞做狀語) (3)(2003全國卷)I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. 78. everything (在陳述句中一般用everything) (4)(2004 重慶卷)...but I had terribly problems memorizing them. 77. terrible (作定語應(yīng)用形容詞) (5)(2005全國卷Ⅱ)My pronunciation was terribly. (系動詞后用形容詞作表語)以上錯誤類型的劃分不一定很科學(xué),但至少能為考生解答高考英語改錯題提供思考方法。代詞的人稱可分為第一、二、三人稱和非人稱;代詞的數(shù)分為單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù);代詞的格分為主格、賓格、所有格還有名詞性物主代詞;代詞的性分為陽性、陰性和中性。關(guān)聯(lián)詞語的誤用。成分的多與少——多一詞或少一詞。[析]sight是不可數(shù)名詞,且cath sight of是固定搭配,意為“看見”。④行文邏輯上多詞。③缺系動詞。利用行文邏輯,突破改錯難點。如:In some places you can borrow many books as you want ,根據(jù)上下文不難發(fā)現(xiàn)該句含“as……as”結(jié)構(gòu)的句子,所以應(yīng)在many前加上as。如:Some people read the books or watch TV, while others have sports .去掉books前的the ,books在此表示泛指。 observe 。如:I look forward to hear from you soon .(hear hearing ) 如:play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also (playplaying )短文改錯的考點分析短文改錯是一種對基礎(chǔ)知識與綜合技能的檢測題。I was often a little tired after a day’s work and watch TV demands very little effort .根據(jù)句意分析,and連接兩個不同的事情,故watch 應(yīng)以動名詞watching 作主語。詞義辨析誤用?! ∫弧⒏呖加⒄Z改錯題的命題特點分析  從上個世紀(jì)九十年代開始出現(xiàn)以來,高考短文改錯題的考察方式基本已經(jīng)穩(wěn)定下來,其設(shè)疑方式不外乎:無錯(1處)、多詞或少詞(3到4處)以及錯詞(56處)。第2)小題的局部時態(tài)和主體時態(tài)發(fā)生沖突,而且經(jīng)過進一步判斷,屬于時態(tài)錯誤。通過閱讀下文,我們得出至少有兩個層面的“好處”,因此把advantage改為advantages;  第2)小題,studying at school. One of them was that中,我們已經(jīng)解釋過了,時態(tài)錯誤,應(yīng)將was改為is;  第3)小題,they can earn money. For the most part,中,沒有錯誤,for the most part為習(xí)慣表達,表示“最主要的原因是”,且語法無誤;  第4)students working to earn money for their own中,working是非謂語形式,導(dǎo)致該句沒有謂語,是一個典型的不完整句,因此要將working改為work,還原其謂語功能。指具體某一天的晚上, 要用介詞on。  7. Someone改為Everyone。此句中已有賓語your names, 不需用it。主語programs為復(fù)數(shù)形式。have time to do “有時間做某事”。此處depend為不及物動詞, 應(yīng)與on連用, 表示“依賴, 依靠”?! ?. spend改為take?! ?0. 刪去to。  3. interested后加in。  6. 此行無錯。to one’s surprise/joy為習(xí)語搭配, 只能是名詞?! ?. 此行無錯?! ?. and(cry)改為but(cry)。  10. took改為take。動詞謂語殘缺錯誤。  8. get改為got。如: Children’s Day, Women’s Day等。  6. them改為him。in a loud/low voice為固定短語。當(dāng)前一個分句動作正在進行時, 突然又發(fā)生了另一動作, 應(yīng)用連詞when。這里的young lady特指上文的青年婦女, 其前應(yīng)用定冠詞the。Exercise 10  Japan is a beautiful country, covering with many1. _______  tiny rivers and high mountains. Japan is also a pleased 2. _______  country. It is known for “the land of the cherry blossom3. _______  (櫻花)” because of the spring of the year the cherry 4. _______  trees are so beautiful. Everywhere there are hundred of 5. _______  different kinds of wild flowers. Where there are  not natural gardens, the Japanese 6. _______  has made their own. Because the islands are so hilly7. _______  there is a great shortage of the soil, so very little bit 8. _______  is used. No matter how tiny may be, every home has its 9. _______  own little garden. Japan is a country worthy of a visit. 10. ______  答案及解析  1. covering改為covered?! ?. hundred改為hundreds?! ?. tiny后加it。   3. 此行無錯誤。上下文邏輯有誤。of表示所屬意義, 此處應(yīng)為“來自一個小城鎮(zhèn)”?! ?. 此行無錯誤。  9. since改為
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