【正文】 verty. A new study says investments in subSaharan Africa increased by more than twenty percent between 2020 and 2020. But the study also found that just a few countries were responsible for most of that growth. Nigeria was responsible for onethird of it. Ghana, Tanzania, Sudan and Uganda also increased their spending. But thirteen countries decreased their investments. Unrest in North Africa and the Middle East has pushed oil prices back into the news. Prices have been rising at their fastest level since 2020. Libya is not among the ten largest oil exporters. But the rebellion against Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi has reduced production, affecting the global market. America39。 the scientists of many nonEnglishspeaking countries find that they need to write their research papers in English to reach a wide international audience. Given the prominence of scientific English today, it may seem surprising that no one really knew how to write science in English before the 17th century. Before that, Latin was 6 regarded as the language for European intellectuals. The European Renaissance from 14th to 16th century is sometimes called the 39。s members did a great deal to foster the publication of science in English and to encourage the development of a suitable writing style. Many members of the Royal Society also published monographs in English. In 1665 a new scientific journal, Philosophical Transactions, was published which is perhaps the first international Englishlanguage scientific journal. It encouraged a new style of scientific writing. The 17th century was thus a formative period in the establishment of scientific English. But this situation did not last long. In the following century much of this popularity was lost as German established itself as the leading European language of science. It is estimated that by the end of the 18th century 401 German scientific journals had been established as opposed to 96 in France and 50 in England. However, in the 19th century scientific English again enjoyed substantial lexical growth as the industrial revolution created the need for new vocabulary, and new, specialised, professional societies were instituted to promote and publish in the new disciplines. So, that’s all from me about the birth of scientific English. If you have any questions, please, … 7 [pause 2 seconds] Now, you will hear the lecture for the second time. You now have 60 SECONDS to check your answers. [pause 60 seconds] You now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the answer sheet. [pause 10 minutes] THAT IS THE END OF THE LISTENING TEST. [15 second light music] 8 聽力 Key 1. personal 2. civilization 3. remarkable 4. heart 5. key 6. first 7. edge 8. encourages 9. unofficial 10. critical 11. 4:45 12. Bryan 13. 329 South Road 14. KS8 5RT 15. August 12th 16. F 17. F 18. T 19. F 20. T 21. (In) 1978 22. red meat 23. dangerous 24. walking/TaiChi/Yoga/swimming 25. (attracting) wild life 26. important to health 27. horse riding/visit to shepherd/guided hikes 28. (each) morning 29. In the library 30. (quite) fit 31. (scientific) research 32. learning 33. audience 34. keeping secrets 35. an insider language 36. objective and impersonal 37. (suitable) writing style 38. formative 39. German 40. new vocabulary 9