【正文】 腋芽控制如果控制腋芽，煙草在現(xiàn)蕾期打頂比現(xiàn)蕾期之后打頂能夠提高產(chǎn)量、增加身份。 ●腋芽數(shù)增加，腋芽控制效果降低。價格表將反映對煙葉質(zhì)量的重視，未熟等級將大幅降價。 in contrast to 對、和……相比Priming n. picking up 采收，采摘Burley n. a thinbodied aircured tobacco grown mainly in Kentucky白肋煙TextIn 2005, tobacco will be produced and marketed without price support for the first time since 1939. Price schedules will reflect an emphasis on quality, with deep discounts for unripe and immature grades. In the postbuyout environment, profitability will be directly related to the marketing of quality tobacco produced at the lowest cost. A number of management practices affect tobacco quality. Some of the most important are as follows: 在2005年，煙草將自1939年以來第一次在沒有價格支持下生產(chǎn)和銷售。 ●調(diào)制后葉片變黑。后期施用延遲煙葉成熟，導致雜色未熟等級的產(chǎn)生。Harvest Rate and RipenessWhen it es to quality, there is no substitute for harvesting ripe tobacco. The ripening rate is determined by nitrogen uptake, rainfall, temperature, root health, and variety. Thus, ripening is greatly affected by weather conditions and varies considerably from one season to another. The 2002 versus 2003 and 2004 growing seasons were at opposite extremes. The 2002 season was one of the driest seasons on record, with 2003 and 2004 among the wettest.采收速率和成熟度從煙葉品質(zhì)方面考慮，沒有比采收成熟煙葉更重要的了。The variety data collected in the 2002 through 2004 holding ability tests are shown in Figures 81, 82, and 83. The study was designed to measure the ripening rate and holding ability by pleting the final harvest at various stages of ripeness. The first and second primings were pleted at normal times. However, the third (final) priming was made at the following times: 在20022004年耐熟能力試驗中收集的品種數(shù)據(jù)見圖8l、82和8—3。這樣，煙葉在輕微未熟(處理1)到比成熟的最早時期晚30天的時間內(nèi)進行采收(處理5)。雖然2002年和2003年的天氣情況差別很大，但是質(zhì)量的變化趨勢是一樣的。 A tip grade describes certain styles of tobacco from the uppermost stalk positions (see Figure 1). Tip grades have specific characteristics that set them apart from the leaf and smoking leaf stalk grades. In recent years, many growers have bined smoking leaf, leaf, and tips into one harvest, which decreases the chance of that tobacco receiving a tip grade and also decreases the blending capabilities of the pany.頂葉等級有煙株最上部煙葉的風格，具有能使之與上二棚葉和上部過熟葉的等級區(qū)分開的特別特征。When the top five to six leaves were kept separate from the rest of the plant and when they were ripe to overripe, they consistently received a tip grade. The nitrogen rate reduced tip grade production only when the high nitrogen rate resulted in greenish or green color grades. Variety had no influence on tip production at any location. 當最上部56片口十與煙株上的其它葉片分開采收而且達到成熟或過熟時，它們總是進入頂葉