【正文】 ................................................ 11 電源電路 .................................................................................................................................. 11 . 紅外線監(jiān)控報(bào)警總電路 ................................................................................................................ 12 ................................................................................................ 13 紅外線探測(cè)報(bào)警器系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu) ....................................................................................................... 13 紅外線探測(cè)報(bào)警器系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) ................................................................................................... 13 避免紅外探測(cè)器誤報(bào)警和漏報(bào)警的措施 ....................................................................................... 13 避免誤報(bào)警 ........................................................................................................................... 13 避免漏報(bào)警 ........................................................................................................................... 14 6．芯片介紹 ............................................................................................................................................ 15 集成運(yùn)放的概述 ............................................................................................................................... 15 集成運(yùn)放的特點(diǎn) ................................................................................................................... 15 集成運(yùn)放的傳輸特性 ........................................................................................................... 15 芯片一： LM358 ................................................................................................................................ 15 芯片概述 ............................................................................................................................... 15 芯片特點(diǎn) ............................................................................................................................... 16 電氣特性 ............................................................................................................................... 16 芯片二： LM393 ............................................................................................................................... 17 芯片概述 ............................................................................................................................... 17 .............................................................................................................................. 17 ................................................................................................................................................ 18 參考文獻(xiàn) ： ................................................................................................................................................ 19 致 謝 .................................................................................................................................................... 20 附圖 ............................................................................................................................................................... 21 1 近年來，隨著改革開放的深入發(fā)展，人民的生活水平有了很大提高。主機(jī)連接固定電話線，如有警情，按照客戶設(shè)定的手機(jī)或則電話號(hào)碼撥號(hào)報(bào)警。采用不同原理的傳感器件，可以構(gòu)成不同種類、不同用途、達(dá)到不同探測(cè)目的的報(bào)警探測(cè)裝置。 意義：我國(guó)目前市面上報(bào)警器主要有壓力觸發(fā)式防盜報(bào)警器開關(guān)電子防盜報(bào)警器和壓力遮光觸發(fā)式防盜報(bào)警器等各種報(bào)警器，但這幾種比較 常見的報(bào)警器都存在一些缺點(diǎn)。 通常 ,電介質(zhì)的內(nèi)部是沒有載流子的，因此它沒有導(dǎo)電能力。自發(fā)極化的強(qiáng)度與溫度相關(guān)，當(dāng)溫度升高時(shí)，極化強(qiáng)度降低。這時(shí)它就不再釋放電荷，也就不再有信號(hào)輸出了，如圖 1 所示。 將高熱電材料制成一定厚度的薄片并在其兩面鍍上金屬電極，然后加電進(jìn)行極化，這樣便制成了熱釋電探測(cè)元。這種濾光片除了允許某波長(zhǎng)范圍的紅外輻射通過外，還能將燈光、陽(yáng)光和其他紅外輻射拒之門外。通常使用具有高輸人阻抗的場(chǎng)效應(yīng)管，將其接成源極跟隨器，使其變成低輸出阻抗的控制信號(hào)，與放大器的輸人端相匹配。其方法是將原紙板用小刀刻出若干條狹縫，然后彎成弧形即可。 （ 5） 不宜正對(duì)易擺動(dòng)的大型物體 ， 大型物體大幅度擺動(dòng)可瞬間引起探測(cè)區(qū)域的突然的氣流變化，同樣可能引起誤報(bào)；如室外探測(cè)器要避開大樹和較高的灌木。例如：當(dāng)用來測(cè)量溫度時(shí)，應(yīng)選用響應(yīng)波長(zhǎng)為 1～20um 的傳感器。圓環(huán)線多而密感應(yīng)角度大，焦距遠(yuǎn)；圓環(huán)線刻錄的深感應(yīng)距離遠(yuǎn)，焦距近。鏡片從外觀分類為：長(zhǎng)形、方形、圓形，從功能分類為：?jiǎn)螀^(qū)多段、雙區(qū)多段、多區(qū)多段。 這類透鏡通常設(shè)計(jì)為準(zhǔn)直鏡（如投影用菲涅爾透鏡，放大鏡）以及聚光鏡（如太陽(yáng)能用聚光聚熱用菲涅爾透鏡。 電壓比較器 圖 9 電壓比較器 電壓比較器如圖 9， IC2B 和 VD1 等作電壓比較器， IC2B 的第⑤腳由 R VD1 提供基準(zhǔn)電壓，當(dāng) IC2A①腳輸出的信號(hào)電壓到達(dá) IC2B 的⑥腳時(shí)，兩個(gè)輸入端的電壓進(jìn)行比較， 此時(shí) IC2B 的⑦腳由原來的高電平變?yōu)榈碗娖健? 電源電路 由功率為 12V 5W 的變壓器，電橋等組成，為報(bào)警電路提供 12V 的電壓源。由 VT R C8 組成開機(jī)延時(shí)電路，時(shí)間也約為 1 分鐘 。 (3)探測(cè)范圍內(nèi)避開被風(fēng)吹而引起飄動(dòng)的物體，如：窗簾、衣物、花草等。 (6)選擇經(jīng)公安部檢驗(yàn)合格，性價(jià)比好的探測(cè)器。 15 6． 芯片介紹 集成運(yùn)放的概述 集成運(yùn)算放大器簡(jiǎn)稱集成運(yùn)放，是由多級(jí)直接耦合放大電路組成的高增益模擬集成電路。這與反向比例放大器的調(diào)整作用原理相同。本品還有一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是，即使是在單電源操作時(shí)，其輸入共模電壓范圍也包括接地。最深刻的體會(huì)莫過于東莞理工學(xué)院的校訓(xùn)“學(xué)而知不足”。 讓人在感應(yīng)器前面幾米處走動(dòng)，再把基準(zhǔn)電壓調(diào)準(zhǔn)一點(diǎn)，使報(bào)警器一感應(yīng)到有人就發(fā)出聲音，這樣就能起到真正的報(bào)警作用。s digitized society, will also be attached on the report.Myopia is not only a disease that makes people see things blurrily, but also leads to severeplications, such as glaucoma (increased pressure within the eyeball), and can causeblindness, said Zhou Yuehua, an established eye care specialist with Beijing TongrenHospital.It is very important for parents and children to know about the risk and care for their eyes.There are about 450 million myopia patients in China. Among Chinese myopia patients,30million are severe patients, according to ZhouThe prevalence of myopia among high school and college students is more than 70 percent,and the situation is continuously worsening, he Zhu, director with the China Youth Development Service Center, said long hours ofstudy, lack of exercise, especially outdoor activities, and attachment to electronic screen aresome of the top reasons behind the widespread myopia problems, and the increase ofyounger patients, although China has made great progress in improving the hardwarefacilities and lighting conditions in said he hopes the survey will alert people on the threatening situation, and also helpmedical experts to better guideline parents and children39。t conducive to raising a child. She planned to have children once she had achieved career success so she could provide a stable environment for her baby. After 10 years, Xiao felt the time was right, and she tried to conceive for