【正文】 four parttime jobs and they’re still right on the edge 45 .” 注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡 2上作答。 Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get onthejob training from a worldclass scientist and his . team. F) As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the mercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe puter and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Inter infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 ) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between universitybased science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed panies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology panies have set up shop around the university. G) For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the researchuniversity model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2022, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is wele, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of longterm GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year. H) American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreignlanguage study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to . universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the . Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unweling to international students. I) Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s wellbeing through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American petitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that weling foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history—strengthen the nation。 Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡 1上作答。 56. What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum? A) Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming. B) Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development. C) Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries. D) Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters. 57. What do we learn about the Forum’s report from the passage? A) It caused a big stir in developing countries. B) It was warmly received by environmentalists. C) It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles. D) It was cha