【正文】 砂株式會(huì)社等 公司有所涉及 。其中本文具體寫的是四索 抓斗。 2 因此 設(shè)計(jì) 首先要明確 的方向是 在綜合 思考操作 的情況下， 怎樣才能 設(shè)計(jì) 出抓斗自身重量 小 而 抓取量多的起重機(jī)抓斗， 滿足抓斗的斗體 充分的填充 。國內(nèi)目前使用的抓斗種類有很多，剪式抓斗有著抓取比大的有點(diǎn)，可以在相同的時(shí)間內(nèi)抓取 更多的散貨，但是它閉合后外形尺寸較大，使抓取散貨的空間受到限制；多瓣抓斗適合抓取塊狀或形狀不規(guī)則的物料，它不僅在抓取物料的時(shí)候有良好的切入性，而且多瓣的耐磨性也比較好，但是多瓣抓斗基本都是靠液壓或者電動(dòng)的，不適合用在大噸位上；長撐桿雙瓣抓斗的整體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)輕盈，閉合力強(qiáng)，物料充填率高 ，所以被廣泛的 運(yùn)用在了港口裝卸散貨上。最后，編寫程序， 用 C 語言 對(duì)抓斗 的抓取 力進(jìn)行了 研究，以抓斗閉合繩拉力 生成 的抓取力 作 為目標(biāo)函數(shù)，將設(shè)計(jì)好的抓斗參數(shù) 通過數(shù)學(xué) 方法 變成 函數(shù) 方程 。節(jié)約 額外的勞動(dòng)力和 卸貨 時(shí)間，還 很大程度上 提升 了 抓斗工作 的效率。 關(guān)鍵詞： 抓斗，參數(shù)化，模型， C 語言 長撐桿雙瓣四索抓斗的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化 II The Structural Design and Optimization of The Grab with Long Poles, TwoJaw and FourRope Abstract The invention of the grab bucket is a kind of progress in the history of mankind, from using a large amount of labor to carry items to only need a clamshell crane driver operation to grab objects now. Save the extra labor and auxiliary time, and also greatly improve the efficiency of loading and unloading. But I think the grab efficiency of the ore grab is not very big, So I want to improve grab grasping force through parameter optimization to improve the efficiency of scraping. The specific method is: First, it based on the internships that I work in the experience and access to some related information to formulate the tonnage and capture materials of the grab that I will design. To make sure some major parameters that grab design needs. Then analyze and design the main ponents of grab, In the design process， the most important things are the characteristics of bulk material and parameters determination of a grab itself. Afterwards, I check the strength of the main parts, such as shaft, bearing, key, jaw and so on. According to the grab data that calculated with， then using the inventor mapping software to establish a simple model of the grab bucket. At last, write a program and use MATLAB to analyze the grab force, To grab a closed rope tension produced by grasping force as objective function, front already will design the grab parameter transformed as the linear equation. Under the condition of ensure the structural strength of grab, optimizing the key parameters of grab with long poles double jaw plate. Revised the key parameters of grab design that based on the experience in the past ,and improve the grasping force of 20% more than the original plan. According to the data after the optimization, draw a grab main ponents, such as upper and lower beam, the bucket body, balance, poles of engineering drawing and assembly drawing. Key Words: Grab, Parameter, Model, C language 長撐桿雙瓣四索抓斗的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化 III 目 錄 ......................................................................................................................................... 1 抓斗的概述 ................................................................................................................... 1 國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀 ....................................................................................................... 2 國外研究現(xiàn)狀 ..................................................................................................... 2 國內(nèi)研究現(xiàn)狀 ..................................................................................................... 2 ..................................................................................................................... 4 抓斗的結(jié)構(gòu)組成 ........................................................................................................... 4 抓斗的工作原理 ........................................................................................................... 4 抓斗的方案制定 ........................................................................................................... 6 3．抓斗的總體設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................................. 7 抓斗自重的確定及其分配 ........................................................................................... 7 確定抓斗的顎板寬度 B 和最大開度 Lm ................................................................... 8 顎板寬度 B 的確定 ............................................................................................ 8 最大開度 Lm 的確定 ......................................................................................... 9 抓斗的其他幾何參數(shù) ................................................................................................... 9 確定顎板的側(cè)面形狀和尺寸 ..................................................................................... 10 顎板的底倍角 ................................................................................................... 10 顎板側(cè)板的上緣邊線與水平線夾角 ? ........................................................... 10 顎板側(cè)板的面積 ............................................................................................... 10 側(cè)板形狀作圖 ................................................................................................... 10 確定開閉滑輪組倍率 ................................................................................................. 12 選擇鋼絲繩 ................................................................................................................. 12 確定并繪制抓斗總體結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸的簡圖（閉合狀態(tài)和張開狀態(tài)） ......................... 13 運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析 ................................................................................................................. 15 主要參數(shù)匯總 ............................................................................................................. 16 4．抓斗主要部件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................ 17 撐桿的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................................... 17 強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 ........................................................................................................... 17 撐桿鉸與軸套驗(yàn)算 ..........................................................................................