【正文】 n reported to enhance the biodegradability of excess sludge (Vlyssides and Karlis, 2021). In overall, the basis for sludge reduction processes is effective bination of the methods for sludge disintegration and biodegradation of treated sludge. Advances in sludge disintegration techniques offer a few promising options including ultrasound (Guo et al., 2021), pulse power (Choi et al.,2021), ozone (Weemaes et al., 2021), thermal (Kim et al., 2021), alkaline (Li et al., 2021) acid (Kim et al., 2021) and thermo chemical (Vlyssides and Karlis, 2021). Among the various disintegration techniques, thermo chemical was reported to be simple and cost effective (Weemaes and Verstraete, 1998). In thermalchemical hy drolysis, alkali sodium hydroxide was found to be the most effective agent in inducing cell lysis (Rocker et al., 1999). Conventionally, the nutrient removal was carried out in an A2O process. It has advantage of achieving, nutrient removal along with anic pound oxidation in a single sludge configuration using linked reactors in series (Tchobanoglous et al., 2021). The phosphoroes removal happens by subjecting phosphorous accumulating anisms (PAO) bacteria under aerobic and anaerobic conditions (Akin and Ugurlu, 2021). These operating procedures enhance predominance PAO, which are able to uptake phosphorous in excess. During the sludge pretreatment processes the bound phosphorous was solubilised and it increases the phosphorous concentration in the effluent stream (Nishimura, 2021).So, it is necessary to remove the solubilised phosphorus before it enters into main stream. Besides, there is a growing demand for the sustainable phosphorous resources in the industrialized world. In many developed countries, researches are currently underway to recover the phosphoroes bound in the sludge39。 From the results it can be concluded that PAO anisms were not affected by thermo chemical pretreatment and TP in the effluent was found to be less than 1 mg/L throughout the study period. presents data on phosphorus profile of the sludge during the thermo chemical digestion. In the process of thermo chemical digestion, the bound phosphorous in the biosolids was solubilised and released into the solution. The phosphorous solubilisation was found to be in the range of 4550%. The alkali increases the pH of the digested mixed liquor and was in the range of . This high pH range was favorable for phosphorous removal using calcium salt. The phosphorous removal in the supernatant was carried out using lime at a mole ratio of :1. Fig. 4 explain nitrification and denitrification processes in the A2OMBR system. Nitrification is the primary important process in removing total nitrogen from the wastewater. Inplete nitri fication decreases TN removal efficiency of the system (Morita et al., 2021 and Choi et al., 2021). Dissolved oxygen (DO) is the principal parameter that controls nitrification. Nitrification efficiency goes down when DO decreases below mg/1 (Bane et al., 2021). To ensure plete nitrification the DO in the aerobic basin was maintained around mg/1. In the second step of nitrogen removal process, the nitrate formed by nitrification was reduced into nitrogen gas in the absence of dissolved oxygen called anoxic denitrification (Peng et al., 2021). From Fig. 4 it is evident that not all nitrate species enter into anoxic basin get reduced. The nitrate concentration was found to be in the range of 46 mg/L indicating denitrification process was inplete. Fig. 5 explains TN removal efficiency of the A2OMBR system. It is evident from the figure that the nitrogen removal efficiency of A2O system was remain unaffected during the entire period of study. The influent TN was found to be 40 mg/L. During the initial phase of operation (120 days) the TN removal was in the range of 5055%. Sludge disintegration did not have any influence over TN removal efficiency of the system and was varied between 60% and 67% throughout the study period. TN concentration in the effluent was found to be in the range of 1418 mg/L. During the study period, the transmembrane pressure increased slowly and at the end of 210 days of reactor operation the TMP was found to be 6cmHg. It appears that the sludge disintegration system does not play role in membrane fouling. Similar to our study, while working on sludge reduction practices in MBR, Young et al. (2021) have reported that the alkaline treatment of sludge didn39。 mg/L chemical oxygen demand (COD), 40177。這個(gè)系統(tǒng)可以在保證除磷效率的情況下長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行。 圖表五說(shuō)明在 A2OMBR 處理工藝中總氮的去除效率。堿性物質(zhì)被投加以增加溶液的 PH 使其保持在 .，這樣的 PH 有利于形成磷酸鹽以除去磷元素。開始磷的去除率比較低是因?yàn)?聚磷微生物的生長(zhǎng)率比較低，并且一些像缺氧這樣的運(yùn)行環(huán)境也不具備。在研究期間，溶解性化學(xué)需氧量在 1838 mg/L 的水平上，對(duì)應(yīng)出水中有機(jī)物的含量為 412mg/L.。在階段二中， MBR反應(yīng)器內(nèi)的 MLSS 濃度維持在 7500 mg/L 左右，在階段三中維持在 10500 mg/L 左右，這兩個(gè)過(guò)程都證明了污泥消化在污泥減量化處理中的重要作用。反應(yīng)器開始運(yùn)行的 MLSS 濃度是 5700 mg/L，并隨著時(shí)間的增加逐漸增加 MLSS 的濃度，到第 38 天時(shí) MLSS 的濃度已經(jīng)達(dá)到 8100 mg/L。泵的工作時(shí)間自動(dòng)控制，每 啟動(dòng)10 分鐘后自動(dòng)關(guān)閉 2 分鐘，如此 循環(huán)。一個(gè)流速傳感器 被安置在好氧池的底部來(lái)控制進(jìn)水的流速。 2H2O, mg MgSO4此外，工業(yè)化對(duì)磷資源的需求在不斷地增長(zhǎng) ， 在許多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，一 些研究已經(jīng)開始著手從剩余污泥中提取磷資源， 釋放的磷通過(guò)鈣鹽沉淀析出的方法提取。 總體來(lái)說(shuō)， 污泥的消化分解 和生化處理是污泥減量化處理的基礎(chǔ)。 2021年 Elsevier Ltd。 A2OMBR反應(yīng)器在 17LMH流量 下 連續(xù) 運(yùn)行 210天 。污泥 的 厭氧消化 對(duì) COD和總磷的去除 沒(méi)有任何影響。 然而，通過(guò)減少污泥齡來(lái)降低污泥產(chǎn)量是受到限制的 ， 因?yàn)樯锬ど暇奂嗟?MLSS 可能會(huì)有潛在的危害 (Yoon et al., 2021)。磷的去除主要是在有氧與缺氧交替的情況下通過(guò)聚磷微生物的過(guò)度攝取而達(dá)到的。 微量元素 包括： mg MnCl2 mg/L, 總氮 (TN)為 40177。它們通過(guò)普通的管道被連在一起。 化學(xué)分解 對(duì)廢水中的 COD, MLSS, TP, TN 應(yīng)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的分析 (詳見(jiàn) APHA 方法 ,2021)，進(jìn)水和出水中的氨氮含量通過(guò)離子選擇性電極來(lái)測(cè)定 (Thereto Orion, Model: 95 一 12)。 在他們的研究中，他們指出，通常情況下 ，在中等濃度 (7 一 12 g/L).的 MLSS 濃度下， MLSS 的增加對(duì)處理結(jié)果并沒(méi)有影響。 然而，在 污水處理過(guò)程中 ， 包括污泥消化過(guò)程， 出水的水質(zhì)會(huì)越來(lái)越壞， 這是因?yàn)橐恍┛扇艿豢山到獾奈⑸锂a(chǎn)物的釋放 (Yasui and Shibata, 1994。即便是引入了污泥消化處理， A/O 工藝對(duì)磷的去除效果也并不理想。 圖表三揭示熱化學(xué)分解中磷元素的狀況。為了保證良好的硝化條件，好氧池中的溶氧濃度需要維持在 mg/1 左右。類似的 ,在 研究 MBR 污泥減量化過(guò)程中 , Young et al. (2021)報(bào)道說(shuō) ,堿性處理污泥并未造成膜污染。s of enhanced biological phosphorus removal system (EBPR). The relea