【正文】 y we always spent/ used to spend our holidays on a would get up at 5 and we would help milk the 。你從前吸煙嗎？ 是的，我吸。 t / used not to didn39。它后面經(jīng)常用由but now...，but not...any more/any longer 等構(gòu)成的、用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子以強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的不同之處。在我們等待降落時(shí)，一位空中乘務(wù)員告訴我們要保持鎮(zhèn)靜，待飛機(jī)一著陸，就馬上不聲不響地離開飛機(jī)。我們最好別出去。ll be able to set up a new world ／不松勁，你就能創(chuàng)一項(xiàng)新的世界紀(jì)錄。（1）keep on 與動(dòng)名詞連用時(shí)表示“反復(fù)”、“持續(xù)”： Keep on 。We were delighted to read your 。自知有過(guò)錯(cuò)的,內(nèi)疚的[(+about)] I felt guilty after breaking my 。沖動(dòng)The vacation is ing and I have an urge to ，我很急迫地去旅行。make every effort盡一切努力I will make every effort to arrive on 。a bad temper and an enormous appetite 為symptoms 的同位語(yǔ)。What a nerve！臉皮真厚（what a shame）get on sb39。This ticket doesn39。我內(nèi)疚地接過(guò)一枝點(diǎn)上，心滿意足地抽起來(lái)。整整一個(gè)星期我根本沒有吸煙。而除黑人英語(yǔ)外一般不說(shuō)“I can39。t leave till/ until 。clock 在5點(diǎn)鐘B、表示用餐時(shí)間：at lunch/ dinner time 在午飯/正餐時(shí)間at teatime 在茶點(diǎn)時(shí)間C、表示其他時(shí)刻：at noon/ night/ midnight 在中午/夜里/半夜at this time 在這時(shí)Liz came to see me at ten/ 。用大鐘作主語(yǔ)是一種擬人手法 Grammar in use in, on, at, during, till與 until(1)用in的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)有：A、表示一天中的某段時(shí)間：in the morning 在早上in the afternoon/ evening 在下午/晚上B、表示月份或年份:in March 在3月in September 在9月in 1984 在1984年C、表示季節(jié)：in(the)spring 在春天in(the)winter 在冬天in+ 一段時(shí)間有兩種含義。(1)這句話的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。start doing=start to do began on the violin and later changed to the cello（大提琴）.She began by telling a beginning to end。cry out 大聲哭喊。 ?！飃ather ① ，集合，召集He gathered a large crowd of people round large crowd soon clouds speedily gathered again and it seemed to rain.② vt 收集，采集，收（莊稼等）The children are out in the field gathering 。wele aboard!③ are are wele to+地點(diǎn) On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town ，afternoon，evening前如果加修飾詞則用介詞on，否則用in Town Hall 市政廳 It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall last day of the year 一年中的最后一天 a large crowd of the people 一大群人★crowd ① in the crowd 在人群中A large crowd of people 一群人，沒有次序的人群, 擁擠的人群 a group of people 一群人，有次序的人群crowds of people 許多人, 人山人海 the college crowd 大學(xué)伙伴。 twenty(minutes39。show one’s hand(to)攤牌。10 At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing.★Begin on sth。had gathered為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)詞 happen作“發(fā)生”、“出現(xiàn)”講時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是物：Have you heard what happened to Sam this morning?你聽說(shuō)今天上午薩姆發(fā)生了什么事了嗎?An interesting thing happened last 。s birthday is on August 。During the whole winter it never 。any可構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞anybody, anything和anywhere。 I lit a cigarette to calm my smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last a whole week I did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous friends kept on offering me cigarettes and made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my seven days of this I went to a around me was smoking and I felt extremely my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once , as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up himself has done it lots of times!第78課 最后一根嗎？讀完一篇題為《吸煙與健康》的文章之后，我點(diǎn)上了一枝香煙，來(lái)鎮(zhèn)定一下自己緊張的神經(jīng)。這樣過(guò)了7天以后，我去參加一次聚會(huì)。entitle 常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：The writer hasn39。t know what nerves 。（3）變壞，變差，變?cè)鉟our studies will suffer if you play too much ，功課就會(huì)變?cè)懔恕?）They made no effort to hide他們毫不掩飾地。極力主張，強(qiáng)烈要求，力勸My friends urged that I should apply for the job 朋友們力勸我申請(qǐng)那份工作。This was more than I had 。2。point out 為固定短語(yǔ)，表示“指出”、“指明”：He pointed out the mistake to 。（4）keep it up 表示“不松勁”、“保持成績(jī)”或“繼續(xù)下去”，而 keep up with 則表示“跟上”、“不落在......后面”： You39。16,000volt power out!16,000 伏高壓線，不可靠近?。?）keep in 的含義之一為“（把.......）留在里面／關(guān)在屋里”、“不 出 外”：It39。我習(xí)慣了乘飛機(jī)旅行，只是有一次把我嚇壞了。幸運(yùn)的是，什么也沒有找到。He used to be a lazy boy, but now he is very ，但現(xiàn)在他很勤奮。在針對(duì)used to提問(wèn)時(shí)，一般也用did I used to be a good you really? I didn39。m a ，但現(xiàn)在我是出租汽車司機(jī)。m used to getting up 。（2）n．經(jīng)驗(yàn)，體驗(yàn)（不可數(shù)）：They want someone with a lot of experience for this 。倒裝句的結(jié)構(gòu)為“副詞+助動(dòng)詞(be, do, have, can,must 等)+主語(yǔ)+句子的其余部分”。Only after she had taken off her coat and hat could I recognize 。Don39。10）curious富于好奇心的，有興趣的be curious about sth/to do sth I am curious to know what she said我真好奇的想知道她說(shuō)了什么。s lesson吸取教訓(xùn)I39。13）thoroughly work had not been done 。在口語(yǔ)中，take off 可以表示“（嘲弄地）模仿”： As a boy, Jim used to take off his 。（4）take to 的含義之一為“養(yǎng)成......的習(xí)慣”或“開始沉緬于”（后 面跟名詞／動(dòng)名詞）：When did he take to drinking/smoking? 他什么時(shí)候養(yǎng)成酗酒／抽煙的習(xí)慣的？（5）take in 的含義之一為“欺騙”（多用于口語(yǔ)中，常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）： On one occasion I was taken 。它很快就會(huì)痊愈的。我會(huì)對(duì)所發(fā)生的事情負(fù)責(zé)。別指望我會(huì)幫助你。39。進(jìn)行分析。speak。a football match。那么，長(zhǎng)媽媽是萬(wàn)個(gè)什么樣 的人呢？我們一起來(lái)看課文。思考： 長(zhǎng)媽媽懂得哪些“我”所不耐煩的規(guī)矩？運(yùn)用了哪些描寫方法？ 從對(duì)這些 規(guī)矩的描寫中可以看出長(zhǎng)媽媽什么樣的性格特點(diǎn)？ 1．元旦除夕哈福橘，說(shuō)是吃了它，一年到頭，順順溜溜?? 2．說(shuō)人死了必須說(shuō)“老掉了”；死了人，生了孩子的屋子里，不應(yīng)該走進(jìn)去； 飯粒落在地上，必須揀起來(lái)，最好是吃下去；曬褲子用的竹竿底下，是萬(wàn)不可鉆 過(guò)去的???！八钟兴?似的。無(wú)知、淳樸，關(guān)心愛護(hù)我。小結(jié)：文中用一個(gè)“霹靂”的比喻和詞語(yǔ)“震驚”寫出了“我”十分震驚的心 理，也表現(xiàn)了“殘’對(duì)長(zhǎng)媽媽產(chǎn)生“新的敬意’物原因。“我似乎遇著了一個(gè)霹靂，全體都震悚起來(lái)； 趕緊去接過(guò)來(lái)，打開紙包。“哥兒，有畫兒的‘三哼經(jīng)’我給你買來(lái)了！”寫出了一個(gè)淳樸、熱心、關(guān)愛孩 子的阿長(zhǎng)。明確： 最后兩個(gè)自然段，直接抒發(fā)了對(duì)長(zhǎng)媽媽的深切懷念之情。略寫 往往是記敘文中的烘托部分，沒有略寫，文章內(nèi)容就會(huì)呆板，頭緒就會(huì)不清，情 節(jié)就會(huì)不連貫。八、板書設(shè)計(jì)感情變化：討厭——敬意——憎惡——新的敬意——懷念（先抑）（后揚(yáng)）。如文中略寫的 “我”不大佩服阿長(zhǎng)的三件事就起到了豐富文章內(nèi)容，更全面完整地刻畫阿長(zhǎng)這 個(gè)人物形象，增強(qiáng)文章的真實(shí)性的作用。四、質(zhì)疑問(wèn)難，課堂探究1． 本文的記敘線索是什么？ 本文是以作者的思想變化為線索的。“三 哼經(jīng)”的說(shuō)法非常傳神地展現(xiàn)了一個(gè)不識(shí)字的普通婦女形象。為我買來(lái)《山海經(jīng)》，她確有偉大的神力。當(dāng)阿長(zhǎng)來(lái)問(wèn)《山海經(jīng)》是怎么一回事時(shí)，“我”是怎樣想的？這種想法表 現(xiàn)了“我”的什么心理？當(dāng)阿長(zhǎng)說(shuō)“哥兒，有畫兒的‘三哼經(jīng)’我給你買來(lái)了”，“我”有什么反 應(yīng)？表現(xiàn)出怎樣的心情？“這又使我發(fā)生新的敬意了，別人不肯做，或不能做的事，她卻能夠做成 功。指名學(xué)生復(fù) 述買書的起因、經(jīng)過(guò)、結(jié)果。焦急的神態(tài)躍然紙上。3．作者還用詼諧的筆墨敘述長(zhǎng)媽媽講“長(zhǎng)毛”的故事，令人捧腹的同時(shí)，又使 人看到了長(zhǎng)媽媽的無(wú)知、淳樸。（三）檢查預(yù)習(xí)情況 : 學(xué)生借助工具書解決字詞：駭