【正文】 t, hard, easy, important, dangerous, important, possible, late , time)for sb to do sth.『例』It39。t tell me where to go.=He didn39。2）客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。例如： I don39。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。寧愿某人做某事39。1）動(dòng)詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。典型例題Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch 39。例如： Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先讀哪一段呢？Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點(diǎn)回家好嗎？2）be going to +不定式，表示將來(lái)。4）be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。m going to play football tomorrow 。例如：When Bill es（不是will e）, ask him to wait for ，讓他等我。m leaving 。3)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。注意：It was the third time that the boy had been ）This is +形容詞最高級(jí)+that…結(jié)構(gòu)，that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。（錯(cuò)）I have received his letter for a month.（對(duì)）I haven39。1）（對(duì)）Tom has studied Russian for three years.= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it ）（錯(cuò)）Harry has got married for six years.= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married ，第二句不對(duì)，它應(yīng)改為 Harry got married six years Harry has been married for six since的四種用法1）since +過(guò)去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn)、1980, last month, half past six）。例如：It is two years since I became a postgraduate 。 點(diǎn)才回來(lái)。那時(shí) 以前 那時(shí) 現(xiàn)在 2）用法, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：He said that he had learned some English 。had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……。例如： Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in ，哥倫比亞在1492年發(fā)現(xiàn)美州。，又從后面的the best plates and glasses等可知應(yīng)是已經(jīng)“擺放”出來(lái)，房間看起來(lái)自然就是美的。Perhaps more than any other people，Americans have e to depend on their family car（1）______（一直是）a mon thing（2）______（從……以來(lái)）the early twentieth century，and it has changed American people have moved（3）______（外面）of the large cities to the Americans spend（4）______（每天兩小時(shí)）or more in their cars（5）______（去上班）and home have bee the（6）______（工具）of transportation for most Americans going shopping，and even going on （7）______（過(guò)去常常）like big cars，and gasoline used to be very ，（8）______（然而），the cost of gasoline has increased； smallercars have bee（9）______（更常見(jiàn)）。 “used to +動(dòng)詞原形”。 / necessary 句意：知道如何自學(xué)往往更重要或更必要。：a lot of許多。 big cars，所以用比較級(jí)； numbers “大量的”還可用a large number 閱讀下列短文，在每個(gè)空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z(yǔ)單詞，使短文在結(jié)構(gòu)和意義上完整。 ，由“是”可知要用be；結(jié)合第2題可知要用be的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。，他不但會(huì)重復(fù)教他的聲音而且還明白其意思。，因?yàn)槭侨ツ?，且為比較級(jí)，在方框中選出cheap和beautiful。t eaten go buy been doing cost二、 三、 用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文正確、通順。 用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去完成時(shí)1）兩個(gè)動(dòng)作如按順序發(fā)生，又不強(qiáng)調(diào)先后，或用then，and，but 等連詞時(shí)，多用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the ，因?yàn)樗竭_(dá)晚會(huì)時(shí)，大部分客人已經(jīng)走了。在過(guò)去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在先，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；發(fā)生在后，用一 般過(guò)去時(shí)。典型例題 don39。例如：He has pleted the 。2）since +一段時(shí)間+ ago。例如： I have lived here for more than twenty 。ve（ever）。例如：I saw this film yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了）I have seen this film.（強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了）Why did you get up so early?（強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生過(guò)了）Who hasn39。其構(gòu)成：have（has）+過(guò)去分詞。ll write to you as soon as I arrive ，就寫(xiě)信給你。例如： The train leaves at six tomorrow 。注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？，安排要發(fā)生的事。t 39。2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 could, would。d rather you came 。例如： When I was a child, I often played football in the ，常在馬路上踢足球。Ann writes good English but does not speak ，講的可不行。Shanghai lies in the east of 。如：enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss(錯(cuò)過(guò)),be busy, go on, keep on, be worth, practise等。s very kind of you to help is interesting for us to read this ’s late for me to have is important for her to stay at , bad, polite, unkind, kind, ice, clever, right, wrong, careful等用“It is +adj +of do sth.” It is kind(nice good careful careless)of sb to do 。如：I have something important to tell ，后面的介詞千萬(wàn)不要省略。如上句可表達(dá)為：It39。『例』 Can I help you?Must we go now? –No, you needn’ able to的用法有所區(qū)別。第三篇：初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法動(dòng)詞一教案第8單元 動(dòng)詞(一)（一）動(dòng)詞的種類動(dòng)詞是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞，按其詞義和在句子中的作用可分為行為動(dòng)詞，連系動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。過(guò)去式分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。一般過(guò)去時(shí)只單純表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，它可以和確定的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用?！豪?I have lived here since I was born.He has worked in Shanghai for more than five years.注意：有些動(dòng)詞代表一個(gè)短暫的動(dòng)作，因而它在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，它們有：begin, start, e, go, buy，sell, die, open, close, join, borrow等。它由“助動(dòng)詞be(am,is,are)+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。『例』The problem is too hard to work out.The air is bad to breathe.又如在某些動(dòng)詞(詞組)中，用動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)含義。1． 在hear, see, watch, listen to, look at, feel等感官動(dòng)詞及make, have, let等使役動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，后面接不帶to的不定式。t be taken out of the reading ：以上三種被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)是初中階段的重點(diǎn)，但初中階段同時(shí)也出現(xiàn)了其他結(jié)構(gòu)。過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成分規(guī)則與不規(guī)則兩部分，規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞變化同動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式.（一）幾種不同的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu) 1．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)： be（isamare）+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 『例』 This desk is made of wood and metal. English is spoken by more and more ．一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)： was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞『例』 A window was broken yesterday. Those tall buildings were built in ．含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞『例』The classroom must be kept clean and tidy every day.The book can39。『例』My glasses were broken by my little son.The road must be swept by Class Two.（三）主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題?！豪籑y bike is missing.This kind of sweat is selling well.再如有些不定式表示性質(zhì)和可能性的形容詞hard, easy, possible等或用于too...to, enough to結(jié)構(gòu)中也表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。ll tell her about it as soon as she es back.2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)或目前正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，往往和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如for a week, since ten years ago等。an.(3)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示某一完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的狀況，所以它不能和確定的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。re going to see Uncle Wang tomorrow.5．一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)由動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式表示，表示