測(cè)繪工程專業(yè)英語翻譯資料jsp(1)(完整版)
【正文】 easured along the gravity vector from a point to the equipotential surface as a reference datum.（這樣的高程或高度被稱為正高（H），沿著重力矢量從一個(gè)點(diǎn)到作為參考基準(zhǔn)的等位面的直線【linear直線的】距離）As such, the geoid is the equipotential surface that best fits MSL and heights in question, referred to as heights above or below MSL.（同樣地，大地水準(zhǔn)面是最符合MSL的等位面；正被討論的【in question正在討論的、正在討論】高度，指的是【refer to提到；as當(dāng)作 合起來可以譯為指的是】高于或低于MSL的高度）It can be seen from this that orthormetric heights are datum dependent.（由此可以看出，正高由其基準(zhǔn)面決定【dependent由……決定的、依靠的】）The Reference Ellipsoid（參考橢球）The ellipsoid is a mathematical surface which provides a convenient model of the size and shape of the Earth.（參考橢球是一個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)曲面，可以提供一個(gè)關(guān)于地球的大小及形狀的方便的【convenient】模型）It is represented by an ellipse rotated about its minor axis and is defined by its semimajor axis a or the flattening f.（由一個(gè)橢圓繞它的短軸【minor axis】旋轉(zhuǎn)【rotate】表示，用它的長半軸a和扁率f來定義）The ellipsoid is chosen to best meet the needs of a particular geodetic datum system design.（這個(gè)橢球被選擇來最滿足特定大地基準(zhǔn)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的需要【meet one’s need滿足……的需要】）【即在設(shè)計(jì)一套特定的大地基準(zhǔn)系統(tǒng)前首先選擇一個(gè)滿足系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的橢球】Although the ellipsoid is a concept and not a physical reality, it represents a smooth surface for which formulas can be developed to pute ellipsoidal distance, azimuth and ellipsoidal coordinates.（盡管參考橢球是一個(gè)概念，不是一個(gè)物理實(shí)體，它卻表現(xiàn)出一個(gè)光滑的表面，由此公式可以被發(fā)展來計(jì)算橢球距離，方位和橢球坐標(biāo)。）。）Surveyors used to working with spirit levels have referenced orthometric heights (H) to the “average” surface of the earth, as depicted by MSL.（測(cè)量者習(xí)慣于參考【reference to】地球“平均”表面——用MSL來描述【depicte】，利用水準(zhǔn)測(cè)量，獲得正高（H））The surface of MSL can be approximated by the geoid.（MSL這個(gè)面可以近似的當(dāng)作大地水準(zhǔn)面）The difference between the two surfaces arises from the fact that seawater is not homogeneous and because of a variety of dynamical effects on the seawater.（這兩個(gè)面的差別出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)事實(shí)上——海水不均勻并且有各種不斷變化的影響在其上）The height of the MSL above the geoid is called the sea surface topography (SST).（MSL高于大地水準(zhǔn)面的高度稱為海面地形【sea surface topography】【還有一個(gè)SST satellitetosatellite tracking衛(wèi)星跟蹤衛(wèi)星技術(shù)；不要混了】）It is a very difficult quantity to obtain from any measurements。Unit 13 Geoid and Reference Ellipsoid（大地水準(zhǔn)面和參
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