【正文】 的一種主要手段。長期以來，交流電的頻率一直是固定的，變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)使頻率變?yōu)榭梢猿浞掷玫馁Y源。在我國傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)中，采用直流電機拖動的調(diào)速系統(tǒng)約占調(diào)速系統(tǒng)總量的85%~90%，而交流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)僅占10%~15%。1) 高性能的智能控制變頻器380V系統(tǒng)的低壓變頻器是國內(nèi)的主要研究對象，應(yīng)用交流調(diào)速的基本理論，結(jié)合神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制、魯棒控制、模糊控制，或其他智能控制等手段，實現(xiàn)電機運行參數(shù)的自動辨識，以期達到自適應(yīng)、自調(diào)整的最優(yōu)控制。有的針對功率因數(shù)，有的強調(diào)輸出波形。同樣也可用于其他如石油化工、礦山、冶煉、機械制造等行業(yè)的變頻節(jié)能控制。 變頻調(diào)速控制方式交流變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)在20世紀(jì)得到了迅速發(fā)展。從1983年提出無速度傳感器矢量控制策略以來，一直受到學(xué)術(shù)界和產(chǎn)業(yè)界的高度重視，日立、安川電機等公司在1987年分別發(fā)表了研究成果，并相繼推出了產(chǎn)品。PWM技術(shù)簡化了逆變器的結(jié)構(gòu)，能夠明顯的改善變頻器的輸出波形，降低電動機的諧波損耗，并減小轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動，同時提高了系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)響應(yīng)性能。目前市場上的變頻裝置幾乎全面實現(xiàn)了數(shù)字化控制。另外，改進控制技術(shù)，提高系統(tǒng)魯棒性也和自整定技術(shù)緊密相聯(lián)系。s only then just started Embarks from this reality, frequency conversion technology remain have the very big development space, we should plete the promoted application work doggedly.And with the constant development of control technique and control avenue, frequency variation speed controlled has developed the vector controlled frequency variation velocity modulation, by controlling the AC motor inside act for shunt DC motor field coper’s flux, to enhance the permanent torque output scope and static and dynamic character, make the AC motor frequency variation speed controlled system superior to DC motor voltage variation speed controlled system. For simplifying the control system, reducing the fault rate, there has developed a vector controlled frequency variation speed control without speed sensor which based on the vector controlled frequency variation speed control. In some application which have low require , vector controlled frequency variation speed control without speed sensor could pletely pare with the vector controlled frequency variation speed control that have speed sensor. The vector control has the epochmaking significance to the AC current motor velocity modulation.Frequency variation speed control is the best way in the motor speed modulation, it is the perfect gear in the pany’s technical reform and product renewal, it is the essential position in the industrial automatic system, it is the assumption of realizing the automatic of product proceed and management, it is also the precondition in the development of informationization. In our country’s traditional estate, using the DC motor speed control actuation account about 85%~90% in the speed controlled system, but the AC speed controlled system account about 10%~15%. Low efficiency, bad quality, large cost, high fault rate have already been the bottleneck that restrain the development of the pany. So, we must promote the advanced AC frequency variation speed control technique positively, arms the traditional industry with the advanced equipment, promote a further development in the automation, the industrialization and the informationization. Our Country’s Development Condition in Speed Controlled TechniqueOur country is a developing country, so many product’s research ability has behind the developed countries. From now on, the product of frequency variation speed controlled that ourselves made only act for last century 90s in the international. With the reform and opening, rapid development of economic, forms a large market, it opens to the country panies, also the foreign panies. Many products are exported from the developed countries, and runs well in our country, satisfied our need in fabrication and living. Many copartership panies in our country make the international advanced products. The domestic plete department independently is designing the manufacture in the plete set installment to use the foreign import pany and the joint venture supposes advanced each, own develop the application software, can provide the firstclass electrical transmission control system for the domestic and foreign important engineering project. Although obtains very many result, but should see because domestic develops, the production product ability voluntarily is weak, is serious to the overseas pany39。同時由于應(yīng)用微電子技術(shù)和ASIC技術(shù)，裝置的元器件數(shù)量得以大幅度減少，從而使變頻裝置的體積減小，可靠性得到大幅度提高。并可使電網(wǎng)功率因數(shù)為1。3) 直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制技術(shù) . Depenblock首次提出直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制技術(shù)(DTC)。1) 矢量控制技術(shù)矢量變換控制技術(shù)是西門子公司于1971年提出的一種新的控制思想和控制理論。因此,在這方面還有許多研究工作要做。最近幾年的研究表明，利用PWM輸出控制解決諧波輸出問題，是比較理想的方法，它可以省去多重化中的變壓器，或過多的開關(guān)元器件，使變頻器的體積和重量減少，但這種方法不能解決所有諧波的消除問題，只能部分消除特定諧波。2) 速度傳感器研究從前面所述的各種變頻調(diào)速的理論可知，一般系統(tǒng)都要用到轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器。因此，必須積極推廣先進的交流變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)，用先進的設(shè)備武裝傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，促進自動化、工業(yè)化和信息化的進一步發(fā)展。從這個現(xiàn)實出發(fā)，變頻技術(shù)尚有很大的發(fā)展空間，應(yīng)該鍥而不舍地做好推廣應(yīng)用工作。電氣傳動控制系統(tǒng)通常由電動機、控制裝置和信息裝置3部分組成，電氣傳動關(guān)系到合理