托福閱讀tpo2theoriginsofcetaceans鯨類起源原題解析(完整版)
【正文】 had no fluke, its backbone structure shows that it swam like modern whales.D：By moving the rear parts of their bodies up and down, modern whales swim in a different way from the way Ambulocetus swam.解析：This is a Sentence Simplification question. As with all of these items, a single sentence in the passage ishighlighted:The structure of the backbone shows, however, that Ambulocetus swam like modern whales by moving therear portion of its body up and down, even though a fluke was missing.Choice 3 is the best answer because it contains all of the essential information in the highlighted sentence.Choice 1 is not true because Ambulocetus did have a backbone. Choice 2 is not true because the sentencesays that the backbone showed how the Ambulocetus swam, not that it was missing a fluke. Choice 4 isuntrue because the sentence states that Ambulocetus and modern whales swam in the same way.第11題：The word propulsion in the passage is closest in meaning toA：Staying afloatB：Changing directionC：Decreasing weightD：Moving forward解析：This is a Vocabulary question. The word being tested is propulsion. It is highlighted in the passage. Choice 4,moving forward is the best answer because it means the action of propelling. The whale in the sentenceused its hind legs to push itself forward in the water. 第12題：Look at the four squares [] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit?This is a question that has puzzled scientists for ages. 解析：插入句中This is a question that has puzzled scientists for , 前句最好是個疑問。ABC明顯錯誤。A正確。在它們可能交配繁殖的陸地上，Ambulocetus 行動起來非常像現(xiàn)代海獅。目前已經(jīng)滅絕的鯨魚Ambulocetus natans（可以步行的鯨類）4900萬年前曾在古地中海生活過。有人認(rèn)為Pakicetus靠吃淺水的魚 類為生，未能適應(yīng)在遼闊的大海里生活。1979年，在巴基斯坦北部，一個尋找化石的考察隊發(fā)掘到了最古老的鯨魚化石。閱讀原文：?It should be obvious that cetaceanswhales, porpoises, and dolphinsare mammals. They breathe through lungs, not through gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling , unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses, whose limbs are functional both on land and at sea), it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like. Extinct but already fully marine cetaceans are known from the fossil record. How was the gap between a walking mammal and a swimming whale bridged? Missing until recently were fossils cle
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